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specific ATC requests, etc. Where the fix is associated
with an instrument approach, and timed approaches
are in effect, a procedure turn shall not be executed
unless the pilot advises ATC, since aircraft holding
are expected to proceed inbound on final approach
directly from the holding pattern when approach
clearance is received.
c)If an aircraft is established in a published holding
pattern at an assigned altitude above the published
minimum holding altitude and subsequently cleared
for the approach, the pilot may descend to the published
minimum holding altitude. The holding pattern
would only be a segment of the instrument approach
procedure if it is published on the instrument procedure
chart and is used in lieu of a procedure turn.
d)For those holding patterns where there are no
published minimum holding altitudes, the pilot, upon
receiving an approach clearance, must maintain the
last assigned altitude until leaving the holding pattern
and established on the inbound course. Thereafter, the
published minimum altitude of the route segment
being flown will apply. It is expected that the pilot
will be assigned a holding altitude that will permit a
normal descent on the inbound course.
1.4Radar Surveillance of Outer−Fix Holding
Pattern Airspace Areas
1.4.1Whenever aircraft are holding at an outer fix,
ATC will usually provide radar surveillance of the
outer fix holding pattern airspace area, or any portion
of it, if it is shown on the controller’s radar scope.
1.4.2The controller will attempt to detect any
holding aircraft that stray outside the holding pattern
airspace area and will assist any detected aircraft to
return to the assigned airspace area.
1.4.3Many factors could prevent ATC from
providing this additional service, such as workload,
number of targets, precipitation, ground clutter, and
radar system capability. These circumstances may
make it unfeasible to maintain radar identification of
aircraft or to detect aircraft straying from the holding
pattern. The provision of this service depends entirely
upon whether the controller is in a position to provide
it and does not relieve a pilot of the responsibility to
adhere to an accepted ATC clearance.
AIP ENR 1.5−7
United States of America 15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
2. Approach Procedures
2.1Approach Control
2.1.1Approach control is responsible for controlling
all instrument flight operating within its area of
responsibility. Approach control may serve one or
more airfields, and control is exercised primarily by
direct pilot/controller communications. Prior to
arriving at the destination radio facility, instructions
will be received from ARTCC to contact approach
control on a specified frequency.
2.2Radar Approach Control
2.2.1Where radar is approved for approach control
service, it is used not only for radar approaches
(Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR) and Precision
Approach Radar (PAR)) but is also used to provide
vectors in conjunction with published nonradar
approaches based on radio NAVAIDs (ILS, MLS,
VOR, NDB, TACAN). Radar vectors can provide
course guidance and expedite traffic to the final
approach course of any established instrument
approach procedure or to the traffic pattern for a
visual approach. Approach control facilities that
provide this radar service will operate in the
following manner:
2.2.1.1Arriving aircraft are either cleared to an outer
fix most appropriate to the route being flown with
vertical separation and, if required, given holding
information or, when radar handoffs are effected
between the ARTCC and approach control, or
between two approach control facilities, aircraft are
cleared to the airport or to a fix so located that the
handoff will be completed prior to the time the
aircraft reaches the fix. When radar handoffs are
utilized, successive arriving flights may be handed
off to approach control with radar separation in lieu
of vertical separation.
2.2.1.2After release to approach control, aircraft are
vectored to the appropriate final approach course
(ILS, MLS, VOR, ADF, etc.). Radar vectors and
altitude or flight levels will be issued as required for
spacing and separating aircraft. Therefore, pilots must
not deviate from the headings issued by approach
control. Aircraft will normally be informed when it is
necessary to vector across the final approach course
for spacing or other reasons. If approach course
crossing is imminent and the pilot has not been
　
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