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is responsible for coordinating requests involving
deviations in other ARTCC areas.
g. Transponder Operation Under Visual Flight
Rules (VFR)
1. Unless otherwise instructed by an ATC
facility, adjust transponder to reply on Mode 3/A
Code 1200 regardless of altitude.
2. Adjust transponder to reply on Mode C, with
altitude reporting capability activated if the aircraft is
so equipped, unless deactivation is directed by ATC
or unless the installed equipment has not been tested
and calibrated as required by 14 CFR Section 91.217.
If deactivation is required and your transponder is so
designed, turn off the altitude reporting switch and
continue to transmit Mode C framing pulses. If this
capability does not exist, turn off Mode C.
h. Radar Beacon Phraseology
Air traffic controllers, both civil and military, will use
the following phraseology when referring to
operation of the Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon
System (ATCRBS). Instructions by ATC refer only to
Mode A/3 or Mode C operation and do not affect the
operation of the transponder on other Modes.
1. SQUAWK (number). Operate radar beacon
transponder on designated code in Mode A/3.
2. IDENT. Engage the “IDENT” feature (military
I/P) of the transponder.
3. SQUAWK (number) and IDENT. Operate
transponder on specified code in Mode A/3 and
engage the “IDENT” (military I/P) feature.
4. SQUAWK STANDBY. Switch transponder
to standby position.
5. SQUAWK LOW/NORMAL. Operate
transponder on low or normal sensitivity as specified.
Transponder is operated in “NORMAL” position
unless ATC specifies “LOW” (“ON” is used instead
of “NORMAL” as a master control label on some
types of transponders.)
6. SQUAWK ALTITUDE. Activate Mode C
with automatic altitude reporting.
7. STOP ALTITUDE SQUAWK. Turn off
altitude reporting switch and continue transmitting
Mode C framing pulses. If your equipment does not
have this capability, turn off Mode C.
8. STOP SQUAWK (mode in use). Switch off
specified mode. (Used for military aircraft when the
controller is unaware of military service requirements
for the aircraft to continue operation on another
Mode.)
9. STOP SQUAWK. Switch off transponder.
10. SQUAWK MAYDAY. Operate transponder
in the emergency position (Mode A Code 7700 for
civil transponder. Mode 3 Code 7700 and emergency
feature for military transponder.)
11. SQUAWK VFR. Operate radar beacon
transponder on Code 1200 in the Mode A/3, or other
appropriate VFR code.
2/19/04 AIM
Services Available to Pilots 4−1−17
FIG 4−1−3
Hazardous Area Reporting Service
4−1−20. Hazardous Area Reporting Service
a. Selected FSSs provide flight monitoring where
regularly traveled VFR routes cross large bodies of
water, swamps, and mountains. This service is
provided for the purpose of expeditiously alerting
Search and Rescue facilities when required.
(See FIG 4−1−3.)
1. When requesting the service either in person,
by telephone or by radio, pilots should be prepared to
give the following information: type of aircraft,
altitude, indicated airspeed, present position, route of
flight, heading.
2. Radio contacts are desired at least every 10
minutes. If contact is lost for more than 15 minutes,
Search and Rescue will be alerted. Pilots are
responsible for canceling their request for service
when they are outside the service area boundary.
Pilots experiencing two-way radio failure are
expected to land as soon as practicable and cancel
their request for the service. FIG 4−1−3 depicts the
areas and the FSS facilities involved in this program.
b. Long Island Sound Reporting Service.
The New York and Bridgeport AFSSs provide Long
Island Sound Reporting service on request for aircraft
traversing Long Island Sound.
1. When requesting the service, pilots should
ask for SOUND REPORTING SERVICE and should
be prepared to provide the following appropriate
information:
(a) Type and color of aircraft;
(b) The specific route and altitude across the
sound including the shore crossing point;
(c) The overwater crossing time;
(d) Number of persons on board; and
(e) True air speed.
AIM 2/19/04
4−1−18 Services Available to Pilots
2. Radio contacts are desired at least every
10 minutes; however, for flights of shorter duration a
midsound report is requested. If contact is lost for
more than 15 minutes Search and Rescue will be
　
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