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applicable distance from cloud criteria (14 CFR
Section 91.155). (See FIG 4−3−2 and FIG 4−3−3.)
2/19/04 AIM
Airport Operations 4−3−3
FIG 4−3−2
Traffic Pattern Operations
Single Runway
NOTE−
See Key to Traffic Pattern Operations under FIG 4−3−3.
AIM 2/19/04
4−3−4 Airport Operations
FIG 4−3−3
Traffic Pattern Operations
Parallel Runways
EXAMPLE−
Key to traffic pattern operations
1. Enter pattern in level flight, abeam the midpoint of the
runway, at pattern altitude. (1,000’ AGL is recommended
pattern altitude unless established otherwise. . .)
2. Maintain pattern altitude until abeam approach end of
the landing runway on downwind leg.
3. Complete turn to final at least 1/4 mile from the runway.
4. Continue straight ahead until beyond departure end of
runway.
5. If remaining in the traffic pattern, commence turn to
crosswind leg beyond the departure end of the runway
within 300 feet of pattern altitude.
6. If departing the traffic pattern, continue straight out, or
exit with a 45 degree turn (to the left when in a left−hand
traffic pattern; to the right when in a right−hand traffic
pattern) beyond the departure end of the runway, after
reaching pattern altitude.
7. Do not overshoot final or continue on a track which will
penetrate the final approach of the parallel runway.
8. Do not continue on a track which will penetrate the
departure path of the parallel runway.
2/19/04 AIM
Airport Operations 4−3−5
4−3−4. Visual Indicators at Airports
Without an Operating Control Tower
a. At those airports without an operating control
tower, a segmented circle visual indicator system, if
installed, is designed to provide traffic pattern
information.
REFERENCE−
AIM, Traffic Advisory Practices at Airports Without Operating Control
Towers, Paragraph 4−1−9.
b. The segmented circle system consists of the
following components:
1. The segmented circle. Located in a position
affording maximum visibility to pilots in the air and
on the ground and providing a centralized location for
other elements of the system.
2. The wind direction indicator. A wind cone,
wind sock, or wind tee installed near the operational
runway to indicate wind direction. The large end of
the wind cone/wind sock points into the wind as does
the large end (cross bar) of the wind tee. In lieu of a
tetrahedron and where a wind sock or wind cone is
collocated with a wind tee, the wind tee may be
manually aligned with the runway in use to indicate
landing direction. These signaling devices may be
located in the center of the segmented circle and may
be lighted for night use. Pilots are cautioned against
using a tetrahedron to indicate wind direction.
3. The landing direction indicator. A tetrahedron
is installed when conditions at the airport
warrant its use. It may be used to indicate the direction
of landings and takeoffs. A tetrahedron may be
located at the center of a segmented circle and may be
lighted for night operations. The small end of the
tetrahedron points in the direction of landing. Pilots
are cautioned against using a tetrahedron for any
purpose other than as an indicator of landing
direction. Further, pilots should use extreme caution
when making runway selection by use of a
tetrahedron in very light or calm wind conditions as
the tetrahedron may not be aligned with the
designated calm-wind runway. At airports with
control towers, the tetrahedron should only be
referenced when the control tower is not in operation.
Tower instructions supersede tetrahedron indications.
4. Landing strip indicators. Installed in pairs
as shown in the segmented circle diagram and used to
show the alignment of landing strips.
5. Traffic pattern indicators. Arranged in
pairs in conjunction with landing strip indicators and
used to indicate the direction of turns when there is a
variation from the normal left traffic pattern. (If there
is no segmented circle installed at the airport, traffic
pattern indicators may be installed on or near the end
of the runway.)
c. Preparatory to landing at an airport without a
control tower, or when the control tower is not in
operation, pilots should concern themselves with the
indicator for the approach end of the runway to be
used. When approaching for landing, all turns must
be made to the left unless a traffic pattern indicator
　
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