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in areas where flocks of birds may be expected,
i.e., coastal areas, lake areas, around refuse dumps,
etc. Although turning on aircraft lights does enhance
the see-and-avoid concept, pilots should not become
complacent about keeping a sharp lookout for other
aircraft. Not all aircraft are equipped with lights and
some pilots may not have their lights turned on.
Aircraft manufacturer’s recommendations for operation
of landing lights and electrical systems should be
observed.
d. Prop and jet blast forces generated by large
aircraft have overturned or damaged several smaller
aircraft taxiing behind them. To avoid similar results,
and in the interest of preventing upsets and injuries to
ground personnel from such forces, the FAA
recommends that air carriers and commercial
operators turn on their rotating beacons anytime their
aircraft engines are in operation. General aviation
pilots using rotating beacon equipped aircraft are also
encouraged to participate in this program which is
designed to alert others to the potential hazard. Since
this is a voluntary program, exercise caution and do
not rely solely on the rotating beacon as an indication
that aircraft engines are in operation.
e. At the discretion of the pilot−in−command turn
on all external illumination, including landing lights,
when taxiing on, across, or holding in position on any
runway. This increases the conspicuity of the aircraft
to controllers and other pilots approaching to land,
taxiing, or crossing the runway. Pilots should comply
with any equipment operating limitations and
consider the effects of landing and strobe lights on
other aircraft in their vicinity. When cleared for
takeoff pilots should turn on any remaining exterior
lights.
AIM 2/17/05
4−3−20 Airport Operations
4−3−24. Flight Inspection/‘Flight Check’
Aircraft in Terminal Areas
a. Flight check is a call sign used to alert pilots and
air traffic controllers when a FAA aircraft is engaged
in flight inspection/certification of NAVAIDs and
flight procedures. Flight check aircraft fly preplanned
high/low altitude flight patterns such as grids, orbits,
DME arcs, and tracks, including low passes along the
full length of the runway to verify NAVAID
performance. In most instances, these flight checks
are being automatically recorded and/or flown in an
automated mode.
b. Pilots should be especially watchful and avoid
the flight paths of any aircraft using the call sign
“Flight Check” or “Flight Check Recorded.” The
latter call sign; e.g. “Flight Check 47 Recorded”
indicates that automated flight inspections are in
progress in terminal areas. These flights will
normally receive special handling from ATC. Pilot
patience and cooperation in allowing uninterrupted
recordings can significantly help expedite flight
inspections, minimize costly, repetitive runs, and
reduce the burden on the U.S. taxpayer.
4−3−25. Hand Signals
FIG 4−3−7
Signalman Directs Towing
SIGNALMAN
FIG 4−3−8
Signalman’s Position
SIGNALMAN
FIG 4−3−9
All Clear
(O.K.)
2/17/05 AIM
Airport Operations 4−3−21
FIG 4−3−10
Start Engine
POINT
TO
ENGINE
TO BE
STARTED
FIG 4−3−11
Pull Chocks
FIG 4−3−12
Proceed Straight Ahead
FIG 4−3−13
Left Turn
AIM 2/17/05
4−3−22 Airport Operations
FIG 4−3−14
Right Turn
FIG 4−3−15
Slow Down
FIG 4−3−16
Flagman Directs Pilot
FIG 4−3−17
Insert Chocks
2/17/05 AIM
Airport Operations 4−3−23
FIG 4−3−18
Cut Engines
FIG 4−3−19
Night Operation
Use same hand movements
as day operation
FIG 4−3−20
Stop
AIM 2/17/05
4−3−24 Airport Operations
4−3−26. Operations at Uncontrolled
Airports With Automated Surface
Observing System (ASOS)/Automated
Weather Observing System (AWOS)
a. Many airports throughout the National Airspace
System are equipped with either ASOS or
AWOS. At most airports with an operating control
tower or human observer, the weather will be
available to you in an Aviation Routine Weather
Report (METAR) hourly or special observation
format on the Automatic Terminal Information
Service (ATIS) or directly transmitted from the
　
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