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acknowledges the clearance with the last two or three
numbers of the aircraft’s call sign. If the aircraft at the
bottom of the stack did not hear the clearance and
intervene, flight safety would be affected, and there would
be no reason for either the controller or pilot to suspect that
anything is wrong. This kind of “human factors” error can
strike swiftly and is extremely difficult to rectify.
2. Pilots, therefore, must be certain that aircraft
identification is complete and clearly identified
before taking action on an ATC clearance. ATC
specialists will not abbreviate call signs of air carrier
or other civil aircraft having authorized call signs.
ATC specialists may initiate abbreviated call signs of
other aircraft by using the prefix and the last three
digits/letters of the aircraft identification after
communications are established. The pilot may use
the abbreviated call sign in subsequent contacts with
the ATC specialist. When aware of similar/identical
call signs, ATC specialists will take action to
minimize errors by emphasizing certain numbers/letters,
by repeating the entire call sign, by repeating the
prefix, or by asking pilots to use a different call sign
temporarily. Pilots should use the phrase “VERIFY
CLEARANCE FOR (your complete call sign)” if
doubt exists concerning proper identity.
3. Civil aircraft pilots should state the aircraft
type, model or manufacturer’s name, followed by the
digits/letters of the registration number. When the
aircraft manufacturer’s name or model is stated, the
prefix “N” is dropped; e.g., Aztec Two Four Six Four
Alpha.
EXAMPLE−
1. Bonanza Six Five Five Golf.
2. Breezy Six One Three Romeo Experimental (omit
“Experimental” after initial contact).
4. Air Taxi or other commercial operators not
having FAA authorized call signs should prefix their
normal identification with the phonetic word
“Tango.”
EXAMPLE−
Tango Aztec Two Four Six Four Alpha.
5. Air carriers and commuter air carriers having
FAA authorized call signs should identify themselves
by stating the complete call sign (using group form
for the numbers) and the word “heavy” if appropriate.
EXAMPLE−
1. United Twenty−Five Heavy.
2. Midwest Commuter Seven Eleven.
6. Military aircraft use a variety of systems
including serial numbers, word call signs, and
combinations of letters/numbers. Examples include
Army Copter 48931; Air Force 61782; REACH
31792; Pat 157; Air Evac 17652; Navy Golf Alfa
Kilo 21; Marine 4 Charlie 36, etc.
AIM 2/19/04
4−2−4 Radio Communications Phraseology and Techniques
b. Air Ambulance Flights.
Because of the priority afforded air ambulance flights
in the ATC system, extreme discretion is necessary
when using the term “LIFEGUARD.” It is only
intended for those missions of an urgent medical
nature and to be utilized only for that portion of the
flight requiring expeditious handling. When requested
by the pilot, necessary notification to
expedite ground handling of patients, etc., is provided
by ATC; however, when possible, this information
should be passed in advance through non−ATC
communications systems.
1. Civilian air ambulance flights responding to
medical emergencies (first call to an accident scene,
carrying patients, organ donors, organs, or other
urgently needed lifesaving medical material) will be
expedited by ATC when necessary. When expeditious
handling is necessary, add the word “LIFEGUARD”
in the remarks section of the flight plan. In
radio communications, use the call sign “LIFEGUARD”
followed by the aircraft registration
letters/numbers.
2. Similar provisions have been made for the use
of “AIR EVAC” and “MED EVAC” by military air
ambulance flights, except that these military flights
will receive priority handling only when specifically
requested.
EXAMPLE−
Lifeguard Two Six Four Six.
3. Air carrier and Air Taxi flights responding to
medical emergencies will also be expedited by ATC
when necessary. The nature of these medical
emergency flights usually concerns the transportation
of urgently needed lifesaving medical materials
or vital organs. IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT THE
COMPANY/PILOT DETERMINE, BY THE NATURE/
URGENCY OF THE SPECIFIC MEDICAL
CARGO, IF PRIORITY ATC ASSISTANCE IS
REQUIRED. Pilots shall ensure that the word
“LIFEGUARD” is included in the remarks section of
　
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