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situations, the controller's weather information may
be of only limited value if based on weather observed
on radar only. Frequent updates by pilots giving
specific information as to the area affected, altitudes,
intensity, and nature of the severe weather can be of
considerable value. Such reports are relayed by radio
or phone to other pilots and controllers, and they also
receive widespread teletypewriter dissemination.
30 AUG 07
AIP
United States of America
GEN 3.5-31
15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
10.2.7 Obtaining IFR clearance or an ATC radar
vector to circumnavigate severe weather can often be
accommodated more readily in the en route areas
away from terminals because there is usually less
congestion and, therefore, greater freedom of action.
In terminal areas, the problem is more acute because
of traffic density, ATC coordination requirements,
complex departure and arrival routes, and adjacent
airports. As a consequence, controllers are less likely
to be able to accommodate all requests for weather
detours in a terminal area or be in a position to
volunteer such routes to the pilot. Nevertheless,
pilots should not hesitate to advise controllers of any
observed severe weather and should specifically
advise controllers if they desire circumnavigation of
observed weather.
10.3 ATC Severe Weather Avoidance Plans
10.3.1 Air Route Traffic Control Centers and some
Terminal Radar Control facilities utilize plans for
severe weather avoidance within their control areas.
Aviation-oriented meteorologists provide weather
information. Preplanned alternate route packages
developed by the facilities are used in conjunction
with flow restrictions to ensure a more orderly flow
of traffic during periods of severe or adverse weather
conditions.
10.3.2 During these periods, pilots may expect to
receive alternative route clearances. These routes are
predicated upon the forecasts of the meteorologist
and coordination between the Air Traffic Control
System Command Center and the other centers. The
routes are utilized as necessary in order to allow as
many aircraft as possible to operate in any given area,
and frequently they will deviate from the normal
preferred routes. With user cooperation, this plan may
significantly reduce delays.
10.4 Procedures for Weather Deviations and
Other Contingencies in Oceanic Controlled
Airspace
10.4.1 When the pilot initiates communications with
ATC, rapid response may be obtained by stating
“WEATHER DEVIATION REQUIRED” to indicate
priority is desired on the frequency and for ATC
response. 
10.4.2 The pilot still retains the option of initiating
the communications using the urgency call “PANPAN”
three times to alert all listening parties of a
special handling condition which will receive ATC
priority for issuance of a clearance or assistance.
10.4.3 ATC will:
10.4.3.1 Approve the deviation, or
10.4.3.2 Provide vertical separation and then
approve the deviation, or
10.4.3.3 If ATC is unable to establish vertical
separation, ATC shall advise the pilot that standard
separation cannot be applied; provide essential traffic
information for all affected aircraft, to the extent
practicable; and if possible, suggest a course of
action. ATC may suggest that the pilot climb or
descend to a contingency altitude (1,000 feet above or
below that assigned if operating above FL 290;
500feet above or below that assigned if operating at
or below FL 290).
PHRASEOLOGYSTANDARD
SEPARATION NOT AVAILABLE; DEVIATE
AT PILOT'S DISCRETION; SUGGEST CLIMB (or
descent) TO (appropriate altitude); TRAFFIC (position
and altitude); REPORT DEVIATION COMPLETE.
10.4.4 The pilot will follow the ATC advisory
altitude when approximately 10 NM from track as
well as execute the procedures detailed in paragraph
10.4.5.
10.4.5 If contact cannot be established or a revised
ATC clearance or advisory is not available and
deviation from track is required, the pilot shall take
the following actions:
10.4.5.1 If possible, deviate away from an organized
track or route system.
10.4.5.2 Broadcast aircraft position and intentions
on the frequency in use, as well as on frequency
121.5MHz at suitable intervals stating: flight
identification (operator call sign), flight level, track
code or ATS route designator, and extent of deviation
expected.
10.4.5.3 Watch for conflicting traffic both visually
and by reference to the Traffic Alert and Collision
　
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