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2) Airplane. When the visibility is less than 3 statute miles but not less than 1 statute mile
during night hours, an airplane may be operated clear of clouds if operated in an airport traffic
pattern within one−half mile of the runway.
31 JULY 08
AIP
United States of America
GEN 1.7−8
15 MAR 07
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
4.1 c) Except as provided in 4.2, no person may operate an aircraft under VFR within the lateral
boundaries of the surface areas of Class B, Class C, Class D, or Class E airspace designated for an
airport when the ceiling is less than 1,000 feet.
4.1 d) Except as provided in 4.2, no person may take−off or land an aircraft, or enter the traffic pattern area
of an airport under VFR, within the lateral boundaries of the surface area of Class B, Class C,
Class D, or Class E airspace designed for an airport:
1) unless ground visibility at that airport is at least 3 statute miles; or
2) if ground visibility is not reported at that airport, unless flight visibility during landing
or takeoff, or while operating in the traffic pattern is at least 3 statute miles.
4.2 In the U.S., no person may operate an aircraft beneath the ceiling under VFR within the lateral
boundaries of controlled airspace designated to the surface for an airport when the ceiling is less
than 1,000 feet. No person may take−off or land an aircraft (other than a helicopter) under special
VFR (SVFR) unless ground visibility is at least 1 statute mile or if ground visibility is not reported,
unless flight visibility is at least 1 statute mile.
4.2 a) When an appropriate ATC clearance has been received, the special weather minimums in this
section apply to the operation of an aircraft in a Class B, C, D, or E surface area under VFR.
1) No person may operate an aircraft in a Class B, C, D, or E surface area under VFR
except clear of clouds;
2) No person may operate an aircraft (other than a helicopter) in a Class B, C, D or E
surface area under VFR unless flight visibility is at least 1 statute mile;
3) No person may take−off or land an aircraft (other than a helicopter) at any airport in a
Class B, C, D or E surface area under VFR:
a) unless ground visibility at that airport is at least 1 statute mile; or
b) if ground visibility is not reported at that airport, unless flight visibility during
landing or take−off is at least 1 statute mile.
4.3 The U.S. does not prohibit VFR flight between sunset and sunrise.
4.4 In the U.S., VFR flight is not permitted within Class A airspace designated in 14 CFR Part 71 unless
otherwise authorized by ATC.
In the U.S., an ATC clearance is needed for VFR flight only in Class B airspace area.
4.6 In addition, anywhere, an altitude allowing, if a power unit fails, an emergency landing without due
hazard to persons or property on the surface.
4.7 In addition, grid tracks are not used to determine cruising altitudes in polar areas. True tracks are
used to determine cruising levels above FL 230 in the area north of Alaska bounded by the true
North Pole to 720000N, 1410000W; to 720000N, 1580000W; to 680000N,
1685823W; to point of beginning. The U.S. has named this area the Anchorage Arctic CTA/FIR
for national reference purposes.
4.8 In U.S. Class C and D airspace/areas, an ATC clearance is not required for VFR flights.
Chapter 5 Instrument Flight Rules
5.1.2 In the U.S., minimum altitudes for IFR flights are 2,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a
horizontal distance of 4 nautical miles from the course to be flown in mountainous terrain and
1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 4 nautical miles from the course
to be flown in non−mountainous terrain.
5.2.2 See difference under paragraph 4.7.
5.3.1 See difference under paragraph 4.7.
31 JULY 08
AIP
United States of America
GEN 1.7−9
15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
Further
differences
which exist by
virtue of the
fact that the
Annex contains
no comparable
standards for
the U.S.
national
regulations.
1) The regulations covering the selection and use of alternate airports in respect to ceiling and
visibility minima, require that:
Unless otherwise authorized by the FAA Administrator, no person may include an alternate airport
in an IFR flight plan unless current weather forecasts indicate that, at the estimated time of arrival at
the alternate airport, the ceiling and visibility at that airport will be at or above the alternate airport
weather minima.
2) Operation under IFR in Class A, B, C, D, or E airspace malfunction reports:
　
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