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-Simulator Training, to develop new scenarios for line oriented flight training (LOFT) or special purpose operational training (SPOT); and/or,
-Crew resource management (CRM) training, to develop new topical subjects to support CRM discussions.
.  Information:
-Airline bulletins;
-Airline’s safety magazine articles;
-Classroom lectures (using Briefing Notes and associated Presentations); and/or,
-Stand-alone reading.
Line pilots should review and compare the recommendations, guidelines and awareness information with their current practices and enhance their techniques and awareness level, as required.
Introducing the Briefing Notes
Page 2

AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
 Flight Operations Support
Other actors in the global aviation system, such as:
.  
Air traffic control services;

.  
Navigation state agencies;

.  
Operational authorities;

.  
Service providers; and,

.  
Flight academies;

should use the provision of the Briefing Notes to evaluate their possible contribution to the reduction of CFIT and Approach-and-Landing accidents.

Statistical Data
Statistical data quoted in the Briefing Notes originate from various industry sources.
The following Special FSF Report provides a consolidated source of statistical data, definitions and facts about approach-and-landing accidents, including those involving CFIT:
Flight Safety Foundation
Flight Safety Digest
Killers in Aviation:
FSF Task Force Presents Facts
About Approach-and-landing and
Controlled-flight-into-terrain Accidents

Volume 17/No 11-12 – Volume 18/No 1-2
Nov.-Dec.98/Jan.-Feb.99

 

Reference Documents
The following reference documents have been used to support and illustrate the applicable standards, operational recommendations and training guidelines:
Airbus Industrie operational and training documentation:
.  
Flight Crew Operating Manuals (FCOM);

.  
Quick Reference Handbooks (QRH);

.  
Flight Crew Training Manuals (FCTM);

.  
Instructor Support Guides;

 

Getting to Grips withApproach-and-Landing Accidents Reduction
.  
Airbus Cockpit Philosophy; and,

.  
Proceedings of: -Performance and Operations Conferences; -Human Factors Symposiums; and,

- Operational Liaison Meetings.

Aviation Regulations / Requirements:
.  
ICAO – Annex 6 – Operation of Aircraft, Part I – International Commercial Air Transport – Aeroplanes;

.  
ICAO – Procedures for Air Navigation Services (PANS -OPS, Doc 8168);

.  
European Joint Aviation Requirement – JAR-OPS 1 – Commercial Air Transport (Aeroplanes);

.  
U.S. FAR – Part 91 – Air Traffic and General Operating Rules;

.  
U.S. FAR – Part 121 – Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations; and,

.  
U.S. FAA – Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) – Basic Flight Information and ATC Procedures.

Airlines’ Aircraft Operating Manuals:

.  
Several airlines’ aircraft operating manuals (AOM) have been used to confirm operators’ best practices for non-type-related operational matters.

The following references and data sources have been used to document and analyze the operational factors and human factors involved in approach-and-landing incidents and accidents:
Government agencies web sites:
.  
NASA ASRS (http://ars.arc.nasa.gov/ and http://human.factors.arc.nasa.gov/);

.  
U.S. FAA (http://www.faa.gov/);
　
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