.  
Hand flying, directly controlling the aircraft trajectory and energy.

Fly, Navigate, Communicate and Manage – in that order
Task sharing should be adapted to the prevailing situation (i.e., task sharing for hand flying or with AP engaged, task sharing for normal operation or for abnormal / emergency conditions, as defined in FCOM) and tasks should be accomplished in accordance with the following priorities:
.  Fly :
PF must concentrate on flying the aircraft (i.e., by controlling and/or monitoring the pitch attitude, bank angle, airspeed, thrust, sideslip, heading, ...) to capture and maintain the desired targets, vertical flight path and lateral flight path.
PNF must backup the PF by monitoring flight parameters and by calling any excessive deviation.
                                                                                       Getting to Grips with                                            Approach-and-Landing Accidents Reduction
.  Navigate :
Select the desired modes for vertical navigation and lateral navigation (i.e., selected modes or FMS-managed navigation), being aware of surrounding terrain and minimum safe altitude.
This rule can be summarized by the following three “ know where …” situational-awareness items:
. Know where you are;
. Know where you should be; and,
. Know where the terrain and obstacles are.
.  Communicate :
Effective crew communication involves communications between flight crewmembers and communications between flight crew and cabin crew.
In an abnormal or emergency condition, after a stable flight path has been regained and the abnormal or emergency condition has been identified, the PF should inform the ATC of the prevailing condition and of his/her intentions.
To attract the controller’s attention, use the following standard phraseology, as applicable:
.  Pan Pan – Pan Pan – Pan Pan; or
.  Mayday – Mayday – Mayday.
.  Manage :
Managing the continuation of the flight is the next priority, this includes:
.  
Managing aircraft systems (e.g., fuel management, ETOPS management, etc); and,

.  
Performing applicable emergency and/or abnormal procedure(s).

Specific Golden Rules to assist flight crew in their decision-making and management process are provided in the second part of this Briefing Note.

Operations Golden Rules
Page 2

The design of glass-cockpit aircraft fully supports the above four-step strategy, as summarized in Table 1.
Display Unit 
Fly  PFD 
Navigate  ND 
Communicate  DCDU 
Manage  ECAM 

Table 1
Glass-cockpit Design Supports Golden Rules

Practice task sharing and back-up each other
Task sharing, effective cross-check and backup should be practiced in all phases of ground and flight operation, in normal operation or in abnormal / emergency conditions.
Emergency, abnormal and normal procedures (i.e., normal checklists) should be performed as directed by ECAM and/or QRH, e.g. :
　
中國航空網(wǎng) www.k6050.com
航空翻譯 www.aviation.cn
本文鏈接地址：Getting to Grips with Approach-and-Landing Accidents Reducti(41)