曝光臺 注意防騙 網曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

approximately centered over the 430m terrain feature. Note the sharp discontinuity of the
(presumed) low-level clouds (translucent grey) along the South-West corner of the island.
Note also, the small set of convective clouds that lie along the discontinuity, just
downstream of the terrain feature. It is possible that these convective clouds are being
formed by air being lifted by the terrain feature.
Figure 29. Satellite image of the Canary Islands, showing von Karman vortices downstream.
Figure 30. Blow-up of Figure 29, showing Tenerife. The box is centered approximately over the 430
terrain feature.
Sensors for investigating/detecting the wind shear phenomenon.
The discussion presented above, is not intended to answer the question as to the source of
the vertical wind shear phenomenon that was mentioned by the Tenerife-Sur air traffic
controllers. Rather, it was intended to indicate some potential factors that could be related
to the condition. In order to further investigate the situation, and to perhaps be used in a
warning system, there are two sensors that could be of use. The first is a scanning eyesafe
Doppler lidar and the second is a vertically pointing Doppler radar.
The Doppler lidars provides very accurate radial velocities by reflecting off of
aerosols in the atmosphere. Depending on the level of aerosols, the range of these devices
can reach 15 km, with a range resolution of 60-100 meters. Such a device, placed on the
airport property and scanning in a vertical plane above and below the approach glide path
of Runway 08, would most likely be able to see the wind shear phenomenon discussed
above. Automated algorithms could be developed to detect the wind shear and provide
alerts to the air traffic controllers. On of the downsides to these devices is their high cost
(on the order of $1 million USD).
The vertically pointing Doppler radars, also known as wind profilers, can provide
a vertical profile of the horizontal wind above the device. So-called boundary-layer wind
profilers can generate accurate winds up to a height of 1-2 km, with a 60-100 meter range
resolution. These devices operate at microwave frequencies, and measure radial velocities
by scattering off of index of refraction variations as well as Rayleigh scattering off of
hydrometeors. If the wind shear phenomenon is relatively homogeneous in space, one of
these devices placed on the airport property could detect the wind shear that is affecting
the aircraft. These devices are far less expensive than the Doppler lidars (on the order of
$2-300 K USD), on the other hand, there are more data quality control issues with
Doppler wind profilers.
UCAR/NCAR has a great deal of experience with both of these devices.
Furthermore, UCAR/NCAR has developed wind shear detection algorithms similar to
those just mentioned. A data collection campaign could be performed using either or both
of these devices, to investigate their capabilities in detecting the wind shear and providing
warnings. A decision could then be made as to whether such devices and warning
algorithms should be deployed.
It should be noted that addressing the abovementioned vertical wind shear
problem does not mean that the LLWAS system is not needed. The LLWAS system is
designed for, and does an excellent job of detecting low-level wind shear due to
microbursts and gust fronts. Therefore, the use of other sensors to detect the vertical wind
shear condition is viewed as complimentary to the LLWAS system. Furthermore, if other
sensors and warning algorithms are deployed for the vertical wind shear problem, the
alerts should be integrated with the LLWAS alerts. UCAR/NCAR would work with
Almos, Telvent and INM as needed to assist in this process.
機場數字集群通信的應用與發展
• TETRA數字集群技術及其發展趨勢
• 數字集群在機場的應用
• 機場對數字集群網絡的主要要求
• 機場對用戶機的特殊要求
TETRA數字集群技術及其發展概況
• 專業無線通信及其給安全高效生
產帶來的好處
• 常規通信技術與集群通信技術
• 模擬集群技術與數字集群技術
• 采用開放標準的發展趨勢
專業無線通信及其給安全高效生產帶來的好處
• 反應快捷
• 更好地協調相關人員和資源
• 提高工作效率
• 提高決策的及時性和提供準確的信息
• 提供員工和生產操作的安全性
常規通信系統
Tx
Rx
A B C
Tx
D Rx
E
Tx
Rx
Tx
Rx
Tx
Rx
空閑
Ch #1
Ch #2
Ch #3
Ch #4
Ch #5
空閑
集群通信系統
CONTROLLER
Tx
Rx
Tx
Rx
Tx
Rx
Tx
Rx
Tx
Rx
Ch #1
Ch #2
Ch #3
Ch #4
　
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