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462According to Paragraph 2.2 of the Annex, The objectives of the air traf.c services shall be to (a) prevent collisions between aircraft; (b) prevent collisions between aircraft on the manoeuvring area and obstructions on that area; (c) expedite and maintain an orderly .ow of air traf.c; (d) provide advice and information useful for the safe and ef.cient conduct of .ights; (e) notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of search and rescue aid, and assist such organizations as required.
463Standard 2.1.1. It is also provided in the Annex that if one State delegates to another State the responsibility for the provision of air traf.c services over its territory, it does so without derogation of its national sovereignty. Similarly, the providing State’s responsibility is limited to technical and operational considerations and does not extend beyond those pertaining to the safety and expedition of aircraft using the concerned airspace. Furthermore, the providing State in providing air traf.c services within the territory of the delegating State will do so in accordance with the requirements of the latter which is expected to establish such facilities and services for the use of the providing State as are jointly agreed to be necessary. It is further expected that the delegating State would not withdraw or modify such facilities and services without prior consultation with the providing State. Both the delegating and providing States may terminate the agreement between them at any time.
464Doc 4444, PANS-ATM.
F. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
The Standards and Recommended Practices in Annex 11 apply in those parts of
the airspace under the jurisdiction of a Contracting State wherein air traf.c services are provided and also wherever a Contracting State accepts the responsibility of providing air traf.c services over the high seas or in airspace of undetermined sovereignty. A Contracting State accepting such responsibility may apply the Standards and Recommended Practices in a manner consistent with that adopted for airspace under its jurisdiction.
Standard2.1.2oftheAnnex stipulatesthatthoseportionsoftheairspace overthe high seas or in airspace of undetermined sovereignty where air traf.c services will be provided shallbe determined on the basis of regional air navigation agreements. AContracting State having accepted the responsibility toprovide air traf.c services in such portions of airspace shall thereafter arrange for the services to be established and provided in accordance with the provisions of the Annex.465 The Annex goes on to say that when it has been determined that air traf.c services will be provided, the States concerned shall designate the authority466 responsible for providing such services.467 Situations which arise in respect of the establishment and provision of air traf.c services to either part or whole of an international .ight are as follows:
Situation 1: A route, or portion of a route, contained within airspace under the sovereignty of a State establishing and providing its own air traf.c services. Situation 2: A route, or portion of a route, contained within airspace under the sovereignty of a State which has, by mutual agreement, delegated to another State, responsibility for the establishment and provision of air traf.c services. Situation 3:Aportion of a route contained within airspace over the high seas or in airspace of undetermined sovereignty for which a State has accepted the respon-sibility for the establishment and provision of air traf.c services.
For the purpose of the Annex, the State which designates the authority responsi-ble for establishing and providing the air traf.c services is:
In Situation 1: the State having sovereignty over the relevant portion of the airspace In Situation 2: the State to whom responsibility for the establishment and provision of air traf.c services has been delegated In Situation 3: the State which has accepted the responsibility for the establish-ment and provision of air traf.c services
　
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