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In December 1989, the Assembly considered measures to prevent international terrorism which endangers or takes innocent human lives or jeopardizes fundamental freedoms and study of the underlying causes of those forms of terrorism and acts of violence which lie in misery, frustration, grievance and despair and which cause some people to sacri.ce human lives, including their own, in an attempt to effect radical changes.
The General Assembly expressed the view that it was convinced that a policy of .rmness and effective measures should be taken in accordance with international law in order that all acts, methods and practices of international terrorism may be brought to an end. In this context, the Assembly noted the ongoing work within ICAO regarding research as to the detection of plastic or sheet explosives and the devising of an international regime for the marking of such explosives for the purposes of detection, and taking note of Security Council Resolution 635 (1989) of 14 June 1989 relating thereto, expressed its con.dence that the ICAO work would contribute signi.cantly towards curbing acts of unlawful interference with civil aviation.
The Assembly also expressed deep concern at the world-wide persistence of acts of international terrorism in all its forms, including those in which States are directly or indirectly involved, which endanger or take innocent lives, have a deleterious effect on international relations and may jeopardize the territorial
B. United Nations Initiatives
integrity and security of States. The Assembly called attention to the growing connection between terrorist groups and drug traf.ckers. Its was also convinced of the importance of the observance by States of their obligations under the relevant international conventions to ensure that appropriate law-enforcement measures are taken in connection with the offenses addressed in those conventions, and the importance of expanding and improving international co-operation among Stats, on a bilateral, regional and multilateral basis.
The Assembly was convinced further that international co-operation in combat-ing and preventing terrorism will contribute to the strengthening of con.dence among States, reduce tensions and create a better climate among them, and was mindful of the need to enhance the role of the United Nations and the relevant specialized agencies in combating international terrorism.
The necessity of maintaining and protecting the basic rights of, and guarantees for, the individual in accordance with the relevant international human rights instruments and generally accepted international standards was recognized to the extent that the Assembly reaf.rmed the principle of self-determination of peoples as enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations.
The Assembly noted the efforts and important achievements of the International Civil Aviation Organization and the International Maritime Organization in pro-moting the security of international air and sea transport against acts of terrorism, and recognized that the effectiveness of the struggle against terrorism could be enhanced by the establishment of a generally agreed de.nition of international terrorism. The Assembly, while condemning unequivocally as criminal and unjus-ti.able, all acts, methods and practices of terrorism wherever and by whomever committed, including those which jeopardize friendly relations among States and their security, deeply deplored the loss of human lives which results from such acts of terrorism, as well as the pernicious impact of these acts on relations of co-operation among States. It called upon all States to ful.l their obligations under international law to refrain from organizing, instigating, assisting or participating in terrorist acts in other States, or acquiescing in or encouraging activities within their territory directed towards the commission of such acts. States were also urged to ful.l their obligations under international law and take effective and resolute measures for the speedy and .nal elimination of international terrorism and to that end, in particular, to prevent the preparation and organization in their respec-tive territories, for commission within or outside their territories, of terrorist and subversive acts directed against other States and their citizens.
　
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