2.2 Structure of the CAA
2.2.1 Pursuant to delegated authority, the DCA should establish an effective organization and employ the necessary qualified personnel to carry out the responsible functions. Although the scope of the Director’s responsibilities should not vary substantially from State to State, the structure and size of the CAA’s airworthiness organization will vary considerably depending on the number, size and complexity of civil air operations in the State and on the size and scope of the State’s aviation manufacturing industry.
2.2.2 In deciding upon the required airworthiness organizational structure, the DCA should review the requirements for certification and surveillance of operators as outlined in Part IV of this manual and also in the Manual of Procedures for Operations Inspection, Certification and Continued Surveillance (Doc 8335) in light of the number and size of potential air operators in the State. The DCA should consider the level of civil aviation activity and the size of the State’s aviation manufacturing industry when establishing the organizational structure. In those States where there are both extensive aviation operations and manufacturing, it will generally be necessary to establish within the CAA airworthiness organization an aircraft certification division (ACD) and an aircraft inspection division (AID). Some States may find it necessary to establish a separate Production Division (PD). The establishment and functioning of these three divisions are discussed in Chapter 3 of this Part. To be effective, the CAA should provide an adequate level of administrative support, including comprehensive information technologies, for members of the organization.
2.2.3 It is also recognized that a State or group of States may elect to discharge their responsibilities through agreements with a multinational organization or agency. It is essential that the agreements clearly define the respective functions each party is to perform, so as to ensure that all obligations of the States are fully discharged. Responsibility for proper execution of ICAO responsibilities remains with the Contracting State.
2.2.4 In those States which do not have an aviation manufacturing industry, the airworthiness organization within the CAA will be mainly concerned with inspection and authorization functions and may not require a separate ACD. Furthermore, in some States which do not have an aviation manufacturing industry and the size and number of commercial and general aviation operations is relatively small, the responsibilities of the DCA may be fulfilled in a more cost-effective manner through cooperative inspection arrangements with neighbouring States or regional inspection organizations. Where the frequency of certain airworthiness inspection or examination activities is low, such as the activity associated with the validation of Type Certificates and issue of Certificates of Airworthiness, it may be advantageous to enter into an arrangement for another State or a competent person to perform work on behalf of the State of Registry. The State of Registry remains responsible under the Convention for the work performed. (The ICAO Regional Office accredited to the State may be of assistance to the DCA in working out cooperative inspection arrangements.)
2.2.5 In any event, the DCA will need to consider carefully the public interest when establishing the airworthiness inspection organization. The DCA must ensure that the CAA retains effective control of important inspection functions. Functions should not be delegated in such a manner that commercial operators, aircraft manufacturers, maintenance facilities and general aviation aircraft owners, in effect, regulate themselves in airworthiness matters. Regardless of the organizational arrangements established, the DCA must bear in mind that the obligations of each State to comply with the requirements of Annexes 6 and 8 remain unchanged.
2.2.6 The Convention requires that a number of approvals be issued by the State, but the CAA may wish to authorize an organization or a person to make approvals on behalf of the CAA. A system of delegations implemented by the CAA will generally satisfy this requirement, providing it incorporates the following features:
　
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