(1)
understand all the information relevant to the accomplishment of all phases of a flight, including flight preparation;

(2)
use radio telephony in all phases of flight, including emergency situations;

(3)
communicate with other crew members during all phases of flight, including flight preparation.

(e)
The demonstration of language proficiency and of the use of English for IR holders shall be done through a method of assessment established by the competent authority.

FCL.060 Recent experience
(a)
Balloons. A pilot shall not operate a balloon in commercial air transport or carrying passengers unless he/she has completed in the preceding 180 days:

(1)
at least 3 flights as a pilot flying in a balloon, of which at least 1 shall be in a balloon of the relevant class and group; or

(2)
1 flight in the relevant class and group of balloon under the supervision of an instructor qualified in accordance with Subpart J.

(b)
Aeroplanes, helicopters, powered-lift, airships and sailplanes. A pilot shall not operate an aircraft in commercial air transport or carrying passengers:

(1)
as PIC or co-pilot unless he/she has carried out, in the preceding 90 days, at least 3 take-offs, approaches and landings in an aircraft of the same type or class or an FFS representing that type or class. The 3 take-offs and landings shall be performed in either multi-pilot or single-pilot operations, depending on the privileges held by the pilot; and

(2)
as PIC at night unless he/she:

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(i) has carried out in the preceding 90 days at least 1 take-off, approach and landing at night as a pilot flying in an aircraft of the same type or class or an FFS representing that type or class; or
(ii)  holds an IR; 
(3)  as cruise relief co-pilot unless he/she: 
(i)  has complied with the requirements in (b)(1); or 
(ii)  has carried out in the preceding 90 days at least 3 sectors as a cruise relief pilot on the same 

type or class of aircraft; or
(iii) has carried out recency and refresher flying skill training in an FFS at intervals not exceeding 90 days. This refresher training may be combined with the operator’s refresher training prescribed in Part-OR.OPS.
(4) When a pilot has the privilege to operate more than one type of aeroplane with similar handling and operation characteristics, , the 3 take-offs, approaches and landings required in (1) may be performed as defined in the operational suitability data established in accordance with Part-
21.
(5)
When a pilot has the privilege to operate more than one type of non-complex helicopter with similar handling and operation characteristics, as defined in the operational suitability data established in accordance with Part-21, the 3 take-offs, approaches and landings required in (1) may be performed in just one of the types, provided that the pilot has completed at least 2 hours of flight in each of the types of helicopter, during the preceding 6 months.
　
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