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learned so far. Many of the knowledge areas are directly
or indirectly concerned with safety, ADM, and judgment.
Since these subjects are associated with the affective domain
of learning (emotion), instructors who find a way to stress
safety, ADM, and judgment, along with the traditional
aviation subjects, can favorably influence a student’s attitude,
beliefs, and values.
Flight training lessons or aviation technical lab sessions
also include knowledge areas, but they generally emphasize
the psychomotor domain of learning because the student is
“doing” something. The lesson plan shown in Figure 6-4
shows the main elements of a ground lesson for a flight
student. The affective domain of learning is also important in
this type of training; a student’s attitude toward safety, ADM,
and judgment, should be a major concern of the instructor.
The flight training syllabus should include special emphasis
items that have been determined to be cause factors in
aircraft accidents or incidents. For example, the instructor
should emphasize collision and wake turbulence avoidance
procedures throughout a student’s flight training. The
aviation technician syllabus should also emphasize what
constitutes unsafe practices, such the ease of introducing
foreign object damage (FOD) to an aircraft when the location
of tools is not monitored.
A syllabus may include several other items that add to or
clarify the objective, content, or standards. A lesson may
specify the recommended class time, reference or study
materials, recommended sequence of training, and study
assignment for the next lesson. Both ground and flight lessons
may have explanatory information notes added to specific
lessons. [Figure 6-5]
While a syllabus is designed to provide a road map showing
how to accomplish the overall objective of a course of
training, it may be useful for other purposes. As already
mentioned, it can be used as a checklist to ensure that required
training has successfully been completed. Thus, a syllabus
can be an effective tool for recordkeeping. Enhanced syllabi,
which also are designed for recordkeeping, can be very
beneficial to the independent instructor.
This recordkeeping function is usually facilitated by boxes
or blank spaces adjacent to the knowledge areas, procedures,
or maneuvers in a lesson. Most syllabi introduce each
procedure or maneuver in one lesson and review them in
subsequent lessons. Some syllabi also include provisions
for grading student performance and recording both ground
and flight training time. Accurate recordkeeping is necessary
to keep both the student and the instructor informed on the
status of training. These records also serve as a basis for
endorsements and recommendations for knowledge and
practical tests. Some training syllabi or records may include
6-6
Students should read Chapter 1 of the textbook prior to
Ground Lesson 1.
All preflight duties and procedures will be performed and
evaluated prior to each flight. Therefore, they will not
appear in the content outlines.
The notation “VR”or “IR”is used to indicate maneuvers
which should be performed by both visual references and
instrument references during the conduct of integrated
flight instruction.
A view-limiting device is required for the 0.2 hours of dual
instrument time allocated to Flight Lesson 4.
The demonstrated stalls are not a proficiency requirement
for private pilot certification. The purpose of the
demonstrations is to help the student learn how to
recognize, prevent, and if necessary, recover before the
stall develops into a spin. These stalls should not be
practiced without a qualified flight instructor. In addition,
some stalls may be prohibited in some airplanes.
Typical syllabus notes
Figure 6-5. Information in the form of notes may be added to
individual ground or flight lessons in a syllabus when they are
necessary.
coded numbers or letters for other instructors to record their
evaluation of a student’s progress and knowledge or skill
level. [Figure 6-6]
Another benefit of using a syllabus is that it helps in the
development of lesson plans. A well constructed syllabus
already contains much of the essential information that is
required in a lesson plan, including objectives, content, and
completion standards.
Lesson Plans
A lesson plan is an organized outline for a single instructional
period. It is a necessary guide for the instructor because it tells
what to do, in what order to do it, and what procedure to use
　
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