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to move the blades toward a low-pitch angle.
cube (geometric figure). A solid geometric figure which has six square sides. All the angles in a cube are
right angles (90° angles), and all of the sides have the same length.
cube (mathematical power). The third power of the number. It is the value obtained when the number is
multiplied by itself two times. The cube of three (33) is 27. We find this by multiplying three by itself two
times: 3 • 3 • 3 = 27.
cube root (mathematical term). The inverse of the cube of a number. The inverse of a number is one,
divided by the number. The cube root of 27 ( is 3. This is the same as 27 raised to the 1/3 power.
cuff (propeller component). A thin, sheet metal, airfoil-shaped covering over the shank of a propeller
blade. Cuffs force air through the cowling of an air-cooled engine to improve its cooling.
cuff (wing leading edge components). Specially shaped pieces of sheet metal attached to the leading edge
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 169
of the wing to increase the camber, or curvature, of the airfoil to improve the slow-flight characteristics of
the wing.
cumuliform (meteorology). A term used to describe all convective clouds which exhibit vertical
development. Cumuliform clouds are distinguished from stratiform clouds, which have no vertical
development.
cumulonimbus (meteorology). Heavy, dense cumuliform clouds with considerable vertical development
in the form of massive towers. Cumulonimbus develop from cumulus clouds, and the tops of the towers,
which are often in the shape of an anvil or massive plume, extend upward for many thousands of feet.
Lightning, thunder, and often hail accompany a cumulonimbus; and virga, precipitation, and low,
ragged clouds, called scud, often form under their dark base. Cumulonimbus occasionally produce
tornadoes or waterspouts.
cumulonimbus mamma (meteorology). A cumulonimbus cloud having protuberance-like pouches, or
udders, hanging on their underside. Cumulonimbus mamma clouds normally indicate the presence of
severe turbulence.
cumulus (meteorology). A cloud in the form of individual detached, dense, and well-defined domes or
towers. Cumulus clouds develop vertically in the form of rising mounds whose bulging upper parts often
resemble a cauliflower. The sunlit parts of these clouds are mostly a brilliant white, while their bases,
which are nearly always horizontal, are relatively dark.
Cuno filter (fluid filter). The registered trade name for a type of edge filter used in aircraft engines and
hydraulic systems. The Cuno filter element is made of a stack of thin metal disks separated by thin spacers.
Fluid flows between the disks, and contaminants in the fluid are trapped and held on the edges of the disks.
The disks are rotated so the spacers can scrape away the contaminants, which collect in a low
point in the filter housing until they can be removed.
cup point (threaded fastener). The end of a threaded fastener made in the form of an open cup. The end
of the fastener is formed in the shape of a cone with its point cut off and the end drilled with a cone-shaped
depression.
The contact area of a cup-point fastener is a circular ridge which makes a slight depression in the
surface onto which it is tightened. Cup points are used for set screws.
cup washer. A form of lock washer made of spring steel formed into the shape of a cup. When the nut is
tightened on a cup washer, the washer compresses, and its spring action holds pressure between the threads
in the nut and those in the bolt. This pressure prevents vibration from loosening the nut.
cure (plastic resin condition). A step in the manufacture of parts made from plastic resins. The
components of the resin are mixed, and heat produced in the resin or heat applied externally causes the
resin to cure, or change into a compound different from that of its components.
cure time (plastic resin). The amount of time needed for a plastic resin to change from a liquid into a
solid.
curium. A silvery, metallic, synthetic, radioactive chemical element. Curium’s symbol is Cm, and its
atomic number is 96.
current (electricity). A term used to describe the flow of electricity. Electron current is the flow of
electrons in a circuit. They move through a circuit from the negative terminal of the source of electrical
energy to its positive terminal. Conventional current is an assumed flow of electricity which travels from
positive to negative.
It was only after the discovery that it is the negative electrons that actually move in an electrical
circuit that the concept of electron current was developed. Previous to this discovery, many texts were
written using the positive to negative direction of flow. For this reason, positive to negative flow is called
　
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