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shank of the rivet is inserted through a hole in the metals to be joined and is upset by pulling a tapered stem
through the hollow shank. After the shank is upset, further pulling on the stem breaks it off.
chevron seal. A form of one-way seal used on the piston in some fluid-power actuators. Chevron seals are
made of a resilient material in the shape of the letter V, a chevron. The pressure being sealed with a
chevron seal must be applied to the open side of the V.
chilled iron. A form of cast iron which has been cast in a steel mold. The steel mold cools the surface of
the casting quickly so that it retains most of the carbon and is quite hard.
chin (aircraft structure). A part of an aircraft structure that sticks out from the bottom of the forward part
of the fuselage.
Some multiengine military aircraft have chin turrets. These are turrets in which guns are mounted
below the nose of the aircraft.
chine. A longitudinal member of a seaplane hull or float that forms the joint between the bottom and the
side of the structure.
chine tire. An aircraft nose wheel tire that has a special deflector, or chine, molded into its sidewall. Chine
tires are mounted on the nose wheel of jet aircraft whose engines are mounted on the rear of the fuselage.
When the aircraft lands on a wet or icy runway, the chine throws water and slush out to the side so
that none of it gets into the engines.
chinook (meteorology). A warm, dry wind that blows down the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains in
the United States.
The air in a chinook lost most of its moisture as it blew up the western slopes of the mountains,
and it is dry and warm as it blows down the eastern slopes.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 122
chip detector (lubrication system component). A component in a lubrication system that attracts and
holds ferrous metal chips that may be circulating with the engine oil.
Some chip detectors are part of an electrical circuit. When a metal particle shorts across the two
contacts in the detector, the circuit is completed, and a warning light is turned on to inform the flight crew
that metal particles are loose in the lubrication system.
chisel. A hardened steel cutting tool with a narrow cutting edge. Chisels used to cut wood normally have a
wooden handle which is hit with a mallet to drive the chisel blade into the wood. Chisels used to cut metal
are called cold chisels.
chlorate candle (oxygen supply). A block of solid sodium chlorate that is burned in a special housing to
release breathing oxygen.
Oxygen systems using chlorate candles are commonly called solid, or chemical, oxygen systems.
They are used as backup oxygen supplies in some large aircraft, and as a portable oxygen supply carried in
small aircraft when oxygen is rarely needed.
chlorine. A highly irritating, greenish-yellow, gaseous, halogen chemical element. Chlorine’s symbol is Cl,
its atomic number is 17, and its atomic weight is 35.543. Chlorine is used as a disinfectant and as an agent
to purify water.
chock. A triangular block of metal or wood used to wedge in front of and behind the tires of an aircraft to
keep the aircraft from rolling.
choke (electrical component). An inductor used to impede, or oppose, the changes of pulsating direct
current. The opposition caused by a choke is inductive reactance, which produces a back voltage opposing
the changing voltage in the pulsations.
Chokes are used with capacitors to make filter circuits to smooth out the voltage variations and
change pulsating DC into smooth DC.
choked nozzle (gas turbine exhaust system). A nozzle in a gas turbine engine that limits the speed of the
gases flowing through it. The gases speed up until they reach the speed of sound. At this point, a normal
shock wave forms that prevents further acceleration.
choke-ground cylinder (reciprocating engine cylinder). A cylinder of a reciprocating engine ground in
such a way that its diameter at the top of the barrel is slightly smaller than the diameter in the center of the
barrel.
The large mass of metal in the cylinder head absorbs enough heat to cause the top end of the barrel
to expand enough more than the remainder of the barrel that, at the normal operating temperature, the
diameter of choke-ground cylinders becomes uniform throughout.
choke-input filter (electronic filter). A form of filter used with an electronic power supply to change
pulsating direct current into smooth DC.
A choke, or inductor, is the first element in the filter, and one or more capacitors are installed in
parallel with the output of the power supply following the choke.
choke of a cylinder. The difference between the bore diameter of a reciprocating engine cylinder in the
　
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