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beacon transponder.
coefficient. A dimensionless number used as a measure of some property or characteristic. For example, a
coefficient of friction is a number used to indicate the relative amount of friction between different
materials.
coefficient of coupling (transformer characteristic). A measure of the amount of coupling that exists
between the two windings of a transformer. If all the expanding and contracting lines of magnetic flux from
one winding cut across all the turns of the other winding, the coefficient of coupling is unity, 1.0, or 100%.
coefficient of drag (aerodynamic parameter). A dimensionless number used in the formula for finding
the induced drag of an airfoil as it relates to the angle of attack.
coefficient of friction. A dimensionless number used to show the ratio of the amount of force needed to
move a body parallel to the surface on which it is resting to the amount of force needed to move the body
perpendicular to the surface.
coefficient of lift (aerodynamic parameter). A dimensionless number relating the amount of aerodynamic
lift produced by an airfoil to its angle of attack.
coefficient of linear expansion. A number relating the change in the length of an object to the change in its
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temperature. The coefficient of linear expansion is expressed in such terms as fractions of an inch per
degree Celsius.
coercive force (magnetism). A magnetic force used to remove magnetism from a magnetized object. The
polarity of a coercive force is opposite to that which magnetized the object.
cog belt. A flexible belt used to drive one shaft from another. The inside of the belt is crossed with a series
of teeth which mate with teeth around the outside of the drive and driven wheels. A cog belt is used for
timing and for transmitting force where there must be no slippage.
coherent light. Light made up of a single frequency of electromagnetic radiation.
cohesion. A force which causes a material to stick to itself. Cohesion differs from adhesion, which is a
force that causes a material to stick to some other material.
coil (electrical component). A device made of several turns of wire wound around a core. A coil is used to
add inductance to an electrical circuit.
coil form. The spool or tubing over which an electrical coil is wound.
coil spring. A spring made of hardened steel wire wound in the form of a spiral. Coil springs may be used
to apply force or to absorb shock or vibration. Short, open coil springs are used to cushion compressive
loads, and tightly wound coil springs are used to absorb tensile loads. Coil springs can be used to measure
force because their deflection is directly proportional to the applied force.
coin dimpling (sheet metalworking). A process of preparing holes in sheet metal to receive flush rivets.
The metal in the area to be dimpled is heated, and a coining die is pressed into it. The pressure of
the die in the softened metal gives the dimpled hole sharp edges that provide a good fit for the countersunk
rivet heads.
coke (lubricating oil contaminant). A solid carbon residue left when all the volatile parts of a mineral oil
have been removed by heat. Coke in an engine is a contaminant, and it must be removed.
coking (lubrication system problem). A buildup of coke in the lubrication system of either a reciprocating
engine or a gas turbine engine.
If the engine is shut down before it has had time to cool properly, oil trapped in some of the hot
locations will get so hot it will decompose into a hard, solid carbon deposit, coke.
cold. A relative condition that indicates the lack of heat energy.
cold bending (sheet metalworking). A method of working sheet metal in which the metal is bent without
heating it.
Some types of metal such as thin sheets of aluminum and magnesium alloys are normally bent
cold, but other metals, especially thick sections of steel, are heated red-hot before they are bent.
cold-cathode vacuum tube. A vacuum tube, or electron tube, whose cathode is made of a material that
emits (gives off) electrons at normal room temperature. Cold-cathode vacuum tubes do not have filaments,
or heaters.
cold chisel. A metal-cutting tool made by grinding a sharp edge onto a flattened portion of a hardened steel
rod. A cold chisel is used to cut metal when the metal is cold.
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cold circuit (electrical circuit). An electrical circuit that is not energized— not connected to a source of
electrical power.
cold-cranking amps (battery rating). A measure of the capacity of a battery when it is supplying a high
　
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