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collar. A ring, or round flange, made as a part of a shaft or installed on it to either restrain movement or
hold something in place.
collective pitch control (helicopters). The flight control of a helicopter that changes the pitch of all the
rotor blades at the same time. Movement of the collective control increases or decreases the lift produced
by the entire rotor disk.
collector (transistor electrode). The electrode in a bipolar transistor from which conventional current
leaves the transistor. The collector is the electrode in the transistor symbol on the same side of the base line
as the emitter, but it does not have the arrowhead.
collector ring (electrical equipment). Rings mounted on the rotor shaft of an electrical machine to carry
current into and out of the rotating winding.
Collector rings are made of a conductive material such as copper or brass, and brushes normally
made of a carbon compound ride on them to carry the current into and out of the rotor winding. Collector
rings are also called slip rings.
collector ring (reciprocating engine exhaust system). A type of exhaust system used on radial engines. A
collector ring is a corrosion-resistant steel manifold connected to the exhaust ports of all the cylinders.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 137
Exhaust gases, collected from the cylinders, are dumped overboard at one location through a tail pipe.
collimated light. Light which has been passed through a collimator lens so all the rays are parallel, rather
than converging or diverging.
collimator. An instrument which produces parallel rays of light.
collodion. Cellulose nitrate used as a film base for certain aircraft dopes.
colocate. To place two facilities at the same location. In radio navigation, VOR (very-high-frequency
omnirange navigation) facilities may be colocated with TACAN (tactical air navigation) facilities. The
combination of these facilities is called a VORTAC station.
color. The characteristic of light caused by the different wavelengths of the electromagnetic energy that
make up the light. Violet light has the shortest wave lengths, and red, the longest.
color code. A method of using marks of different colors to identify materials. Some electrical resistors and
capacitors have color codes to show their value and tolerances. Bungee shock cords use color codes to
indicate the year and quarter of the year in which they were made.
Color codes are used to identify the type of steel in steel bars and rods. Colored bands are used
around aircraft plumbing to identify the fluid being carried in the line.
color temperature. The temperature to which a perfect blackbody radiator would have to be heated to
produce the same color as the source of light being measured. Color temperature is measured in degrees
Kelvin (°K).
color tempering. A method of removing some of the brittleness from a piece of steel being heat-treated.
The steel part is heated red-hot and quenched in water, oil, or brine. A portion is then polished
bright, and the part is reheated to a temperature indicated by the color of the oxide that forms on its surface.
When the correct color of oxide forms, the heating is stopped, and the metal is again quenched.
color wheel. A device used for mixing paints which shows the primary colors and the various colors that
can be made by mixing them. A color wheel helps visualize the results you will get when you mix different
colors of paint.
combinational logic (digital electricity). Digital circuitry which incorporates gates whose logic outputs
are determined by the logic states of the inputs. Combinational logic differs from sequential logic, in whose
gates the states of the outputs are determined by the previous logic state of the inputs.
combination chuck (machine tool component). A four-jaw chuck used to hold a piece of material in a
lathe. The jaws of a combination chuck can be moved in or out as a unit, or each of the jaws can be moved
separately.
combination compressor (gas turbine engine component). A type of gas turbine engine compressor
which has both an axial-flow and a centrifugal stage. Inlet air first passes through the low-pressure
axial-flow compressor and then flows into the high-pressure centrifugal compressor. The centrifugal
compressor builds up the pressure of the air high enough for efficient operation in the combustors.
combination inertia starter (reciprocating engine starter). An inertia starter for a large reciprocating
engine that allows the flywheel to be brought up to speed by either an electric motor or a hand crank.
combination square (layout and measuring tool). A layout and measuring tool which has a steel scale
fitted into the head of a square. One face of the square head forms a 90° angle, and the other face forms a
　
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