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charge.
charging a battery. The process of restoring the active material on the plates of a battery to a condition
that allows it to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. When a battery is discharged, the active
material on the plates changes its chemical composition, and when the battery is charged, this material is
restored to its original condition.
Charging a lead-acid battery is done by passing direct current of the correct voltage and polarity
through the battery. When the electricity flows through the battery, the lead sulfate on the positive plate
changes into lead peroxide, and the lead sulfate on the negative plate changes into pure lead. The
electrolyte takes on a heavier concentration of sulfuric acid, its specific gravity increases.
charging current (battery charging). The direct current forced through the secondary cells of a battery to
charge them. Charging current restores the active material on the plates to a condition that allows them to
change chemical energy into electrical energy.
charging stand (air conditioning service equipment). A compact arrangement of air conditioning
servicing equipment. A charging stand contains a vacuum pump, a manifold gage set, and a method of
measuring and dispensing the refrigerant.
Charles’s law. The basic gas law that describes the relationship between the temperature and the volume of
a gas. Charles’s law states that if the pressure of the gas is held constant and its absolute temperature is
increased, the volume of the gas will also increase.
chart (engineering data). A graphic presentation that shows the way the value of one variable changes
with variations in other variables. A chart allows a person to visualize the way a change in one action
affects other actions.
chart (navigation). A special map used for aerial navigation that gives the location and all information
necessary about the aids to navigation. A chart also shows the grids of latitude and longitude and provides a
surface for plotting courses and locating fixes.
charted VFR flyways (air traffic control). Flight paths recommended for use to bypass areas heavily
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 119
traversed by large turbine-powered aircraft.
Pilot compliance with recommended flyways and associated altitudes is strictly voluntary. VFR
Flyway Planning Charts are published on the back of existing VFR Terminal Area Charts.
charted visual flight procedure approach (air traffic control). An approach conducted while operating
on an instrument rules (IFR) flight plan which authorizes the pilot of an aircraft to proceed visually and
clear of clouds to the airport via visual landmarks and other information depicted on a charted visual flight
procedure.
This approach must be authorized and under the control of the appropriate air traffic control
facility. The weather minimums required are depicted on the approach chart.
chase aircraft. An aircraft flown in proximity to another aircraft normally to observe its performance
during flight testing.
chassis (electronic equipment). The sheet metal frame inside a piece of electronic equipment on which
components are mounted.
chassis ground. An electrical reference point in a piece of equipment that is not connected to the earth
ground. A chassis ground is also called a floating ground.
chatter (hydraulic system malfunction). A type of rapid vibration of a hydraulic pump caused by the
pump taking in some air along with the hydraulic fluid.
chattering (brake malfunction). A malfunctioning condition of aircraft brakes that produces heavy
vibrations. Chattering is caused by a glazed surface on the disk that alternately produces friction and then
allows the lining to slip over the disk. High-frequency chattering is called brake squeal.
check (wood defect). Longitudinal cracks in a piece of wood, generally extending across the annual rings.
check flight (aircraft maintenance procedure). A test flight of an aircraft conducted to find out if all the
systems are functioning as they should. Check flights are normally conducted after an aircraft has been
inspected or repaired.
checklist. A systematic and sequential list of all operations that must be performed to properly accomplish
a complex task. Checklists are used in preflight inspections as well as 100-hour and annual inspections of
aircraft, to ensure that no required operation is overlooked.
check nut. A thin nut that can be jammed down tightly against a plain nut on a bolt. The check nut keeps
the plain nut from vibrating loose.
checkpoint (navigation). A location that can be positively identified either visually or electronically.
When an aircraft flies over a checkpoint, the pilot knows his exactly location.
　
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