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conducts at a time, and it will continue to conduct until an external pulse causes it to stop conducting.
When the first transistor stops conducting, the second transistor automatically begins to conduct.
A bistable multivibrator is called a flip-flop, and it is often used in digital electronics.
bistatic radar. A radar system in which the transmitter and receiver use separate antennas and are usually
located some distance from each other.
bit. A binary digit (the word bit comes from the words binary digit).
A bit, either a zero or a one, is the smallest particle of information in a binary digital system, and
all digital information is made up of bits. Bits are usually written as 1 for yes, true, or high, and 0 for no,
false, or low.
BITE (built-in test equipment). A troubleshooting system installed in many modern jet aircraft.
BITE monitors the engine and airframe systems and when a fault is found, isolates it and provides
the maintenance personnel with a code that identifies the LRU, or line replaceable unit, that contains the
fault.
bitumen. A general name given to tar-like hydrocarbon materials. Bitumens are the last of the products left
in the fractional distillation of crude oil. Asphalt and tar are two common bitumens.
bituminous paint. A heavy, thick, tar-base paint used as a water and acid-resistant covering. Bituminous
paint is used around battery compartments for lead-acid batteries and in some compartments of flying boat
hulls and seaplane floats.
black blizzard (meteorology). Another name for a dust storm.
black box (electronic system). A term used for any portion of an electrical or electronic system that can be
removed as a unit. In troubleshooting a system using flow charts, only the information entering and leaving
the black box is given.
In order to understand the device or system, it is necessary to know the input and output signals
and the function of the black box, but it is not necessary to know its internal circuits.
A black box does not have to be a physical box.
black light. Ultraviolet light, or electromagnetic radiation whose wavelengths are just shorter than those
visible to the human eye.
Black light is used to excite certain fluorescent materials, such as some forms of oil and some
rocks. When black light strikes a fluorescent material, it causes the material to fluoresce, or give off visible
light.
black body (radiated energy). An ideal body which absorbs all the light that falls on it. It appears
perfectly black at all wavelengths because it does not reflect any wavelength of light.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 76
bladder-type fuel cell. A plastic-impregnated fabric bag supported in a portion of an aircraft structure so
that it forms a cell in which fuel is carried.
blade (helicopter rotor component). A rotating airfoil driven by a helicopter engine to produce vertical
lift.
blade (propeller component). A rotating airfoil driven by an aircraft engine to produce a thrust force
approximately in line with the longitudinal axis of the aircraft.
blade (turbine engine compressor component). A rotating airfoil which is part of an axial-flow
compressor in a gas turbine engine. The compressor blades, driven by the turbine, accelerate the air as it
flows through the engine.
blade alignment (helicopter rotor maintenance). Adjustment of the drag braces or latch pins of a
helicopter rotor blade to align the blades about their lead-lag axis. Blade alignment is sometimes called
chordwise balance.
blade angle (propeller blade). The angle formed between the face of a propeller blade and its plane of
rotation. Blade angle is normally specified at a particular blade station.
blade antenna (radio antenna). A wide-band, quarter-wavelength antenna used on aircraft for
communications or navigation in the UHF or VHF bands.
blade area (helicopter rotor). The total area of all of the rotor blades of a helicopter. Blade area is a
constant for each helicopter.
blade back (propeller blade). The curved portion of a propeller blade. The back of a propeller blade is the
same part of the airfoil as the upper surface of an aircraft wing.
blade beam (propeller tool). See blade wrench.
blade butt (propeller blade). The root end of a propeller blade. The blade butt fits into the hub of the
propeller.
blade chord (propeller blade). A straight line through a propeller blade between its leading edge and its
trailing edge.
blade coning angle (helicopter rotor blade). The angle formed between the spanwise axis of a helicopter
rotor blade, when the rotor system is producing lift, and a plane at right angles to the rotor mast.
The coning angle is caused by the relationship between the centrifugal force acting on the rotor
　
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