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compressor in a gas turbine engine. A compressor blade adds energy to the air as it moves through the
engine.
compressor bleed air (gas turbine engine). Air that is tapped off from a turbine engine compressor and
used for anti-icing the inlet ducts and cooling the turbine inlet guide vanes and first stage turbine blades.
Bleed air may also be dumped to relieve internal pressure and prevent a compressor stall.
Compressor bleed air may also be used for such airframe functions as pressurization and the
operation of some of the components in the pneumatic system. See customer bleed air.
compressor case (gas turbine engine component). The outer housing of the compressor section of a gas
turbine engine. In an engine using an axial-flow compressor, the stator vanes are mounted in the
compressor case.
compressor disk (gas turbine engine component). The inner section of a compressor wheel that makes
up a stage of compression in an axial-flow compressor. The disk mounts on the compressor shaft, and the
rotor blades mount around the periphery of the disk. There is one compressor disk for each stage of
compression.
compressor pressure ratio (gas turbine engine parameter). The ratio of the pressure of the air at the
compressor discharge to the pressure at the compressor inlet.
compressor stage (gas turbine engine). The components in an axial-flow compressor which consist of one
set of rotor blades and the following set of stator blades.
Axial-flow compressors have a number of stages of compression. Each stage consists of rotor
blades to increase the velocity of the air and stator blades to convert the velocity energy into pressure.
compressor stall (gas turbine engine operating condition). A condition in a turbine engine axial-flow
compressor in which the angle of attack of one or more blades becomes excessive and the smooth airflow
through the compressor is disrupted.
When only a few blades stall, the effect is minimal and is noticed by a fluttering or rumbling
sound. When the entire compressor disk stalls, the effect can be a serious slowing down of the air through
the engine. This can result in a loud explosive noise with a resulting RPM fluctuation and a serious increase
in exhaust gas temperature. A compressor stall can occur if the airflow through the engine is restricted
while the compressor RPM is high.
compressor stall-margin curve (gas turbine engine operation). A gas turbine engine operating curve
which shows the relationship between the compression ratio of the engine and the mass airflow that must
be maintained through the engine.
compressor surge (gas turbine engine operating condition). A severe compressor stall across the entire
face of the compressor. Compressor surges occur when there is a complete stoppage of airflow, or a
reversal of flow through the compressor. A compressor surge can cause a flameout or, if it is severe enough,
can cause structural damage.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 147
compulsory reporting points (air traffic control). Reporting points which must be reported to ATC.
Compulsory reporting points are shown on IFR charts as solid triangles.
computer (electronic). A device that receives data, processes it, and then uses it in some type of output
device. There are two types of electronic computers, digital and analog.
concave surface. A surface that is curved inward with the outer edges higher than the center.
concentration cell corrosion. A form of corrosion on metal alloys caused by a potential difference in the
electrolyte, rather than by a potential difference caused by a galvanic couple within the metal. The potential
difference in the electrolyte may be caused by a concentration of either oxygen or metallic ions.
concentric. Having the same center.
concentric circles. Circles which have the same center.
concurrent lines. Lines which pass through a common point. The perpendicular bisectors of the three sides
of a triangle all pass through the same point, and these bisectors are concurrent lines.
condensation. The process in which a material is changed from one form, or state, into a denser state. For
example, water can exist in its vapor state, as steam, and by the process of condensation, the steam can be
changed into liquid water.
condensation level (meteorology). The height at which a rising parcel or layer of air would become
saturated if it were lifted adiabatically — lifted with heat neither added to it nor taken from it.
condensation nuclei (meteorology). Small particles in the air on which water vapor condenses or
sublimates.
condensation trail (meteorology). Cloud-like streamers often seen behind aircraft flying in clear, cold air.
Condensation trails are usually called contrails or vapor trails.
　
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