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Approach Light Systems (ALS) —
ALSF-I. Approach light system with sequenced flashing lights in ILS category-I configuration
ALSF-II. Approach light system with sequenced flashing lights in ILS category-II
configuration
SSALF. Simplified short approach light system with sequenced flashing lights
SSALR. Simplified short approach light system with runway alignment indicator lights
MALSF. Medium intensity approach light system with sequenced flashing lights
MALSR. Medium intensity approach light system with runway alignment indicator lights
LDIN. Sequenced flashing lead-in lights
RAIL. Runway alignment indicator lights
ODALS. Omnidirectional approach lighting system
Runway lights/Runway edge lights
Touchdown zone lighting
Runway center line lighting
Threshold lights —
REIL (Runway End Identifier Lights)
VASI (Visual Approach Slope Indicator lights)
Boundary lights
airport marking aids. Markings used on runway and taxiway surfaces to identify a specific runway, a
runway threshold, a center line, a hold line, etc. A runway should be marked in accordance with its present
usage, such as visual, nonprecision instrument, and precision instrument.
airport reservation office. The office responsible for monitoring the operation of the high-density air
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traffic. This office receives and processes requests for IFR operations at high-density-traffic airports.
airport rotating beacon. A visual aid to navigation located at lighted airports. The color of the beacon
flashes indicates the type of airport. The colors and meaning of the more commonly used rotating beacons
are:
Color Meaning
white and green ------------------------------------ lighted land airport
green------------------------------------------------- lighted land airport
white------------------------------------------------- unlighted land airport
white and yellow ----------------------------------- lighted water airport
yellow ----------------------------------------------- lighted water airport
green, yellow and white--------------------------- lighted heliport
white (dual peaked) and green ------------------- military airport
airport surface detection equipment. See ASDE.
airport surveillance radar. See ASR.
airport taxi charts. Aeronautical charts designed to expedite safe and efficient flow of ground traffic at an
airport.
airport traffic area. Normally, the airspace within a horizontal radius of five statute miles from the
geographical center of any airport having an operating control tower.
An airport traffic area extends upward from the surface to, but not including, an altitude of 3,000
feet above the elevation of the airport.
air route surveillance radar. See ARSR.
air route traffic control center. See ARTCC.
air scoop. A hooded opening used to direct outside air into an aircraft structure in flight. The ram effect
caused by movement of the aircraft through the air increases the amount of air taken into the structure.
airscrew. The British term for an aircraft propeller.
air seal. A seal around a rotating shaft, used to keep air from passing out of the housing holding the shaft.
Air seals are often made of thin alternate fixed and rotating blades which act as air dams to prevent air
flowing past the seal.
airship. 14 CFR Part 1: “An engine-driven lighter-than-air aircraft that can be steered.”
airspace. The space above a certain geographical area.
airspeed. The rate at which an aircraft is moving through the air.
airspeed indicator. A differential air pressure gage which measures the difference between ram, or impact,
air pressure and the local static air pressure.
The dial of an airspeed indicator is calibrated to convert this differential air pressure into units of
knots, miles per hour, or kilometers per hour.
air start (aircraft engine operation). The process of starting an aircraft engine in flight with the engine
rotated by aerodynamic forces acting on the propeller or compressor blades.
air taxi (helicopter operation). Movement of a helicopter above the surface but at an altitude of less than
100 feet above ground level.
air traffic. 14 CFR Part 1: “Aircraft operating in the air or on an airport surface, exclusive of loading
ramps and parking areas.”
air traffic clearance. 14 CFR Part 1: “An authorization by air traffic control, for the purpose of
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preventing collision between known aircraft, for an aircraft to proceed under specified traffic conditions
within controlled airspace.”
　
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