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meet its conditions for airworthiness.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 11
Airworthiness directives, called AD notes, are covered by Title 14 of the Code of Federal
Regulations Part 39 (Airworthiness Directives). They must be complied with within the specified time limit,
and the fact of compliance, the date of compliance, and the method of compliance must be recorded in the
aircraft maintenance records.
adapter. An apparatus that modifies a device so some component can be attached to it.
Adapters, for example, are used on the ends of air hoses to attach them to air drills and rivet guns.
ADC (air data computer). An electronic computer in an aircraft that senses pitot pressure, static pressure,
and total air temperature. It produces an indication of altitude, indicated airspeed, true airspeed, and Mach
number. The output of the ADC is usable by any of the engine or flight control computers.
Adcock antenna (radio antenna). A type of directional radio transmitting antenna made of two vertical
conductors from which electromagnetic energy radiates. These conductors are connected in such a way that
the signals radiated from them are opposite in phase.
An Adcock antenna radiates its signal in a field shaped much like a figure eight.
adder (electronic computer). An arrangement of logic gates in a computer that adds two bits (binary digits)
and produces a sum and a carry bit.
addition (mathematics). The process of computing with sets of numbers to find their sum.
additive (lubricating oil component). A chemical added to an engine lubricating oil to alter its basic
characteristics.
Additives are used to prevent foaming, improve viscosity index, and increase corrosion inhibiting
properties.
additive primary colors. Primary colors which can be mixed to produce other colors, but which cannot be
formed by the mixing of colors. The additive primary colors used to produce color television images are
red, green, and blue.
address (electronic computer). A binary numerical word used to designate a specific location in a
computer memory where data is located.
Adel clamp. The registered trade name for a cushioned clamp used to attach fluid lines and wire bundles to
an aircraft structure.
ADF (automatic direction finder). A piece of electronic navigation equipment which operates in the lowand
medium-frequency bands.
ADF uses a directional loop antenna and a nondirectional sense antenna to find the direction to a
radio station. This direction is shown on an instrument that looks much like the dial of a compass, with zero
degrees representing the nose of the aircraft, rather than north. The needle on the ADF indicator shows the
pilot the number of degrees clockwise from the nose of the aircraft to the radio station being received.
adherend. The surface to which an adhesive adheres.
adhesion. The tendency caused by intermolecular forces for matter to cling together.
adhesive. A material used to provide a bond between two surfaces by chemical means. The adhesive wets
the surfaces, and as it dries, it pulls the surfaces tightly together.
adiabatic change. A physical change taking place within a material in which heat energy is neither added
to the material nor taken from it.
For example, if a container of gas is compressed, with no heat energy added to it and none taken
from it, the gas will become hotter — its temperature will rise. This is an adiabatic change.
adiabatic lapse rate (meteorology). The rate at which air cools as it is forced upward or warms as it sinks,
if no heat energy is added to it and none is taken from it. Under standard conditions, the adiabatic lapse rate
of dry air is 3°C (5.4°F) per thousand feet.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 12
adiabatic process (meteorology). The process by which fixed relationships are maintained during changes
in temperature, volume, and pressure in a body of air when heat is neither added to nor removed from it.
ADI fluid (antidetonation injection fluid). A mixture of water and methanol, which is injected into the
carburetor of an aircraft reciprocating engine to prevent detonation when the engine is producing its
maximum power.
The methanol is used primarily to prevent the water freezing at high altitude, and a small amount
of water-soluble oil is added for corrosion prevention.
ADI system (antidetonation injection system). A system used with some of the large reciprocating
engines in which a mixture of water and alcohol (methanol) is sprayed into the engine with the fuel when
operating at extremely high power.
The fuel-air mixture is automatically leaned to allow the engine to develop its maximum power,
　
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