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small circuit components.
microfarad. A unit of capacitance equal to one millionth of a farad. The microfarad, abbreviated μf, mf, or
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mfd, is equal to 1 x 10-6 farads, or 1,000,000 (1 x 106) picofarads.
microfiche. A photographic method of record storage in which information to be stored is photographed
and printed on sheets of photographic film called fiche. Different formats, ranging from 24 pages to 288
pages of information, can be printed on a single fiche. Micro-fiche is read in an enlarging machine, called a
reader, that displays the page of information on a screen that looks much like a television screen. Some
readers have a built-in printer that can produce a full-size printed copy of the information.
microfilm. A photographic method of record storage in which the information to be stored is photographed,
one page at a time, on a long roll of 35-millimeter film. The film, called microfilm, is put into a reader
which projects the image on the back of a translucent screen that looks much like a television screen. The
image of the page shows up in a size that is larger than the original page.
microinches rms. A measure used for cylinder wall surface roughness. One microinch is equal to one
millionth of an inch (0.000 001 inch). If a cylinder wall is required to have a roughness of 20 microinches
rms (20 μin rms), the highest and lowest deviation from the average surface is 20 millionths of an inch.
Micro-Mesh. A patented graduated series of cloth-backed cushioned sheets which contain abrasive crystals.
Micro-Mesh is used for polishing and restoring transparency to acrylic plastic windows and windshields.
micrometer (unit of length). A unit of length equal to one millionth of a meter. A micrometer is also
called a micron.
micrometer caliper. A precision measuring instrument in which the spindle moves in and out a specific
amount for each revolution of the thimble. The amount the thimble turns, as shown on a scale engraved on
the thimble, determines the amount the spindle moves. Micrometer calipers are built into instruments used
to measure outside and inside dimensions and the depth of grooves.
micrometer-setting torque wrench (precision hand tool). A type of hand-operated torque wrench in
which the wrench handle snaps when the preset torque on the wrench drive is reached.
The preset value of torque is determined by the compression of a spring in the wrench handle, and
this compression is adjusted by screwing the handle onto the wrench body. The body and handle are
marked in the same way as the spindle and thimble of a micrometer caliper.
micro-microfarad. A unit of capacitance equal to one millionth of a millionth (1 x 10-12) of a farad. The
term micro-microfarads has been changed to picofarads.
micron (linear measurement). A unit of linear measurement equal to one millionth of a meter (0.000 001
or 1 x 10-6 meter), one thousandth of a millimeter, or 0.000 039 inch. A micron is also called a micrometer
(micro meter).
micron (pressure measurement). The amount of pressure exerted by a column of mercury one
micrometer (one millionth of a meter) high, under standard conditions. One micron of pressure is equal to
0.001 millimeter of mercury (1 x 10-6 meter of mercury) at 0°C.
micron (filter specification). A unit used to measure the effectiveness of a hydraulic filter and to identify
the size of particles that are trapped by filters. One micron is a micrometer, or one millionth of a meter. It is
0.000 039 inch.
Micronic filter. The registered trade name for a type of fluid filter whose filtering element is a specially
treated cellulose paper formed into vertical convolutions, or wrinkles. Micronic filters prevent the passage
of solids larger than about 10 microns, and they are normally replaced with new filters rather than being
cleaned.
micro-organism. An organism, normally bacteria or fungus, of microscopic size.
microphone. An acoustic transducer. A microphone changes sound pressure variations into electrical
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signals.
microprocessor. A small central processing unit (CPU) for a microcomputer. A microprocessor is built
into a single integrated circuit chip, and it includes the arithmetic-logic unit (ALU), the control unit, and the
necessary registers that serve as the computer memory.
microscope. An optical instrument used to magnify the size of an extremely small image. A compound
microscope uses an objective lens to magnify the image of an object to form the primary image. An
eyepiece lens (ocular lens) further magnifies the primary image.
A compound microscope may have several different strengths of objective lenses mounted on a
　
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