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outer fix (air traffic control). A general term used within ATC to describe fixes in the terminal area, other
than the final approach fix. Aircraft are normally cleared to these fixes by ARTCC or an approach control
facility, and aircraft are normally cleared from these fixes to the final approach fix or final approach course.
outer fix time (air traffic control). A calculated time to depart the outer fix in order to cross the vertex at
the actual calculated landing time (ACLT). The time reflects descent speed adjustments and any applicable
delay time that must be absorbed prior to crossing the meter fix.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 421
outflow valve (aircraft pressurization system component). The valve in an aircraft pressurization system
that controls the pressure inside the aircraft cabin. More air than needed is pumped into the cabin, and the
outflow valve controls the air allowed to escape to maintain the pressure in the cabin at the correct level.
Operation of the outflow valve is controlled by the cabin pressure regulator.
out-of-phase. A condition of cyclic values in which two waves do not pass through zero at the same time.
out-of-rig (aircraft flight condition). A condition of aircraft rigging that prevents hands-off flight. When
an aircraft is properly rigged and flown in still air at the correct power setting, it will maintain its altitude
and heading without the pilot touching the controls. But, if it is out-of-rig, it will not hold its altitude nor its
heading.
out-of-round (condition of physical wear). The condition of a circular object when its wear is not uniform
around its circumference. Wear changes its shape from circular to oblong.
out-of-track (helicopter rotor condition). A condition of a helicopter rotor in which the blade tips do not
follow the same path in their rotation.
output power (electronic circuit). The power an electronic circuit delivers to its load.
output transformer (electronic component). An audio-frequency transformer, used between the last stage
of an audio-frequency amplifier and a speaker. The impedance of the amplifier’s output stage is usually
quite high, and the impedance of a speaker is low. For the maximum amount of power to be transferred
from the amplifier to the speaker, the impedance of the amplifier must match that of the speaker, and this
matching is done with an output transformer.
outside calipers. A measuring device having two inwardly curved, hinged legs. The calipers are closed
until the points of the legs just touch the outside of the device to be measured, and the distance between the
two points is measured with a steel scale.
“Over” (air traffic control). A term used in air traffic control to indicate “My transmission is ended; I
expect a response.”
overboost (reciprocating engine operation). A condition of excessive manifold pressure in a
reciprocating engine. Overboosting occurs when the supercharger is operated at too high a speed.
overcompounded generator (electrical generator). An electrical generator which has both a series and a
shunt field with the effect of the series field being greater than that of the shunt field. The output voltage
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 422
tends to increase as the electrical load increases.
overcompounded motor (electric motor). A compound-wound motor (a motor having both a series and a
shunt field) in which the series field has the greater effect on the motor characteristics. The shunt, or
parallel, field attempts to hold the speed of the motor constant as the load changes, but the series field
causes the motor to speed up as the load increases.
In a flat compounded motor, the effects of the two fields cancel, and the motor speed remains
relatively constant as the load changes. In an overcompounded motor, the series winding has the greater
effect, and the motor tries to speed up as the load increases.
overcurrent protection device. A device in an alternator or generator control system that reduces the
output voltage when excessive current flows.
overhaul (maintenance procedure). The maintenance procedure in which a device is disassembled to the
extent needed to determine the condition of all its parts. Each part is inspected, and, if damaged or
excessively worn, it is repaired or replaced. The device is then reassembled and tested, and if it functions as
it should, is returned to service.
overhead-cam engine (type of reciprocating engine). A reciprocating engine in which the camshaft is
located in the cylinder head. The valves are opened by rocker arms that are actuated by the cam lobes. The
valves of engines that have the camshaft in the crankcase are actuated by pushrods and rocker arms.
　
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