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The separation is normally done by centrifugal action of the air that slings the moisture out into an
area where it can be collected and drained when the system is shut down.
mold line (sheet metal layout). A line used in the development of a flat pattern for a formed piece of sheet
metal. The mold line is an extension of the flat side of a part beyond the radius. The mold line dimension of
a part is the dimension made to the intersection of mold lines and is the dimension the part would have if its
corners had no radius.
mold point. The intersection of two mold lines of a part. Mold line dimensions are made between mold
points.
mold release agent. A lubricant used to coat a mold in which plastic resin is formed. Resin does not stick
to the release agent, and the part can be taken from the mold when the resin has cured. A mold-release
agent is also called a parting agent.
molecule. The smallest particle of a substance that retains all the properties of the substance. A molecule is
made up of one or more atoms.
molybdenum. A hard, gray, metallic chemical element. Molybdenum’s symbol is Mo, its atomic number is
42, and its atomic weight is 95.95. One of the main uses of molybdenum is as an alloying agent for steel.
Molybdenum increases the toughness of steel and makes it easy to weld and machine.
moment. A force that causes or tries to cause an object to rotate. The moment of a lever is the distance, in
inches, between the point at which a force is applied and the fulcrum, or the point about which a lever
rotates, multiplied by the force, in pounds. Moment is expressed in inch-pounds.
Moment = distance • force
In weight and balance, a moment that causes a nose-down condition is a negative moment, and
one that causes a nose-up condition is a positive moment.
moment index (weight and balance). A moment divided by a constant, such as 10, 100, 1,000, or an even
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 391
larger number. The use of a moment index allows weight and balance computations to be made using
smaller numbers, and this decreases the chance for errors.
moment of inertia (rotational inertia). A measurement related to torque that concerns to the ease or
difficulty of starting or stopping the rotation of an object. The moment of inertia of an object is the sum of
all the masses making up the object multiplied by the square of the distance of each mass from the axis of
rotation.
MI = mr2 / 4
MI = Moment of Inertia
m = mass of object
r = radius of object from axis of rotation
momentum. A force caused by the inertia of a moving body trying to keep the body moving in the same
direction, at the same speed or, if the body is at rest, trying to keep it at rest. The momentum of a body is
the product of its mass times its velocity.
Monel. The registered trade name for a corrosion-resistant alloy made of 67% nickel, 30% copper, and 3%
aluminum or silicon.
monitor (air traffic control). When used with communications transfer, means to listen on a specific
frequency and stand by for instructions. Under normal circumstances, monitoring does not establish
communications.
monkey wrench. A common name for a form of adjustable wrench. A monkey wrench has one fixed jaw
and one movable jaw, with the opening between the jaws at right angles to the length of the handle. The
jaws of a monkey wrench are smooth, rather than toothed like the jaws of a pipe wrench.
monocoque (aircraft structure). A single-shell type of aircraft structure in which all of the flight loads are
carried in its outside skin. Modern aircraft have skins made of aluminum alloy, formed into compound
curves, and riveted together into a structure that resembles an eggshell. There is a minimum of structure
inside a monocoque skin.
monolithic casting. A type of casting in which the object is cast or formed as a single piece. A large and
complex object cast with one pouring of the molten metal into a mold is a monolithic casting. Monolithic
castings have no seams or joints.
monoplane (type of airplane). An airplane having only one main supporting wing. Up through the 1920s,
most airplanes were biplanes (airplanes having two wings) because of the ease of bracing. But as
engineering knowledge increased, engineers were able to make monoplanes of sufficient strength. The
lower drag of a monoplane makes it more efficient than a biplane.
monopropellant (rocket fuel). A type of propellant used for rocket engines in which the fuel and the
oxidizer are both parts of a single substance.
monorail. A type of transportation system using a single rail to carry the cars or other objects moved along
the system. Many industrial factories use a monorail above the production line to move heavy equipment
　
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