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frequency and the highest amplitude. The fundamental frequency is called the first harmonic, or the
fundamental harmonic, of the frequency.
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Page 270
fundamental wavelength (radio communications). The length of the wave of the fundamental frequency
of an electromagnetic radiation. In a radio antenna, the fundamental wavelength is the wavelength of the
lowest frequency to which the antenna is resonant.
fungicidal paste (aircraft fabric covering material). A paste containing an agent that kills the spores of
fungus and mildew. This fungicidal paste is added to the dope used for the first coat applied to cotton or
linen fabric.
fungus (plural fungi). Any of several types of plant life that include yeasts, molds, and mildew.
funnel cloud (meteorology). A tornado, or vortex cloud, extending downward from the parent cloud, but
not reaching the ground.
fuse (electrical component). An electrical circuit protection device that consists of a strip of
low-melting-point metal that will melt and open the circuit when an excessive amount of current flows
through it. In many modern aircraft electrical systems, fuses have been replaced with resettable circuit
breakers.
fuse (hydraulic component). A hydraulic flow control valve that automatically closes when a given
amount of fluid has passed, or when an excessive pressure drop occurs across the valve. Hydraulic fuses
prevent the loss of all of the fluid in the event of a broken line.
fuse holder (electrical component). A device that holds a tubular fuse and makes connections to both its
ends. A panel-mounted fuse holder makes it easy to replace a blown fuse.
fuselage (aircraft component). The body, or central structural component of an airplane. The passengers
and flight crew are housed in the fuselage, and the wings and tail attach to it. In most single-engine
airplanes, the engine and landing gear attach to the fuselage.
fuselage center line. A line parallel to the longitudinal axis of an airplane that divides the fuselage into
symmetrical halves.
fuselage station (location in an aircraft structure). The location along the longitudinal axis of an aircraft
that is a given number of inches ahead of or behind the datum, or reference plane.
fuse link (electrical component). A strip of low-melting-point metal used in an electrical fuse to protect a
circuit. The amount of current that can flow through the fuse link before it melts and opens the circuit is
determined by the size of the fuse link and the type of metal of which it is made.
fusible plug (aircraft wheel component). A safety plug used in an aircraft wheel that mounts a tubeless
tire. The plug has a hole drilled through it, and this hole is filled with a low-melting-point alloy. If a wheel
is overheated by the excessive use of the brakes during an aborted takeoff, the alloy in the plug will melt
and deflate the tire. This prevents the air pressure in the tire building up high enough to cause an explosion.
fusion. See nuclear fusion.
G
GADO (general aviation district office). An FAA field office serving a designated geographical area,
staffed with Flight Standards personnel who have responsibility for serving the aviation industry and the
general public on all matters relating to the certification and operation of general aviation aircraft. Many
GADOs have been replaced by FSDOs. See FSDO.
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gadolinium. A silvery-white, malleable, ductile, metallic, rare-earth chemical element. Gadolinium’s
symbol is Gd, its atomic number is 64, and its atomic weight is 157.25. Gadolinium is highly magnetic,
especially at low temperatures, and is used as an absorber of neutrons in nuclear reactors and as an alloying
element for other metals.
gage (measuring instrument). A gage (also spelled gauge) is a measuring instrument. There are many
different types of gages. A pressure gage is used to indicate the amount of pressure being applied to a fluid.
A depth gage is used to measure the distance between the edge of a hole or groove and its bottom. A
thickness gage (often called a feeler gage) is used to measure the clearance between close-fitting parts of a
machine.
gage (rivet). The distance between rows of rivets in a multirow seam. Gage is also called transverse pitch.
gage block (precision tool). A precision-ground block of hardened and polished steel used as the standard
for precise linear measurements in most manufacturing processes, and to check the accuracy of micrometer
calipers. The dimensional accuracy of a gage block is normally measured in millionths of an inch.
gage pressure. Pressure referenced from the existing atmospheric pressure. Engine oil pressure and
　
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