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the maximum intensity is greater than the specified level.
isogonic lines. Lines drawn across aeronautical navigational charts that connect points having the same
magnetic variation. Isogonic means “the same angle.”
isoheight (meteorology). A line on a weather chart showing equal height. An isoheight is the same as a
contour.
isolation mount (shock-absorbing engine mount). A type of mount that supports the engine on
steel-backed rubber pads. These pads isolate the engine from the airframe and prevent vibrations damaging
the structure.
isolation transformer (electrical component). An electrical transformer used to isolate a piece of
electrical equipment from the power line. An isolation transformer has the same number of turns in its
secondary winding as it has in its primary. This one-to-one turns ratio causes the output voltage and current
to be the same as that of the input.
An isolation transformer electrically isolates equipment connected to its secondary winding from
the power line. This isolation prevents the danger of electrical shock when working on the equipment.
isoline (meteorology). A line on a chart showing an equal value of a variable quantity. Weather maps use
isobars (lines of equal pressure), isotherms (lines of equal temperature), isoshears (lines of equal wind
shear), and isotachs (lines of equal, or constant, wind speed).
isometric drawing. A drawing made in such a way that it has no visual perspective. Equal distances on the
object are equal distances on the drawing.
iso-octane. A flammable, colorless hydrocarbon liquid (CH3)2CHCH2C(CH3)3, used as a component of
aviation gasoline and as the datum for rating the antidetonation characteristics of gasoline. The high critical
pressure and temperature of iso-octane make it resistant to detonation.
isopropyl alcohol. A colorless liquid used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a
solvent and anti-icing agent.
isoshear (meteorology). A line on a weather chart showing equal values of wind shear.
isotach (meteorology). A line on a weather chart showing equal, or constant, wind speed.
isotherm (meteorology). A line on a weather chart showing equal, or constant, temperature.
isothermal (meteorology). This term relates to equal, or constant, temperature with respect to a variable,
such as space or time. When referring to the relationship between temperature and height, isothermal is the
same as zero lapse rate.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 333
isothermal change. A physical change that takes place within a material in which heat energy is added to
or taken from the material as needed to keep its temperature constant.
isothermal forming (sheet metal forming). A method of forming sheet metal by using heated dies of
metal or ceramic.
isotope. A special atom of an element having the same number of protons as an ordinary atom, but with
more than the normal number of neutrons. An isotope of an element has the same atomic number as a
normal atom, but because of the additional neutrons, it has a greater atomic weight.
I2R (electrical power). Power dissipated in an electrical circuit computed by multiplying the square of the
current by the circuit resistance.
I2R loss (electrical power). The power lost in an electrical device, such as a transformer. This power loss
is caused by the current flowing through the component resistance.
ITT (Interstage Turbine Temperature). The temperature of the gases flowing inside a gas turbine engine
between the high-pressure and the low-pressure turbine wheels.
J
jack (electrical connection). A socket into which a plug can be pushed to make an electrical connection.
Jacks are often used on the front of electrical test equipment to make temporary connections for test leads.
Some of the more commonly used types of jacks are phone jacks, miniature jacks, microphone jacks, and
banana plug jacks.
jack (mechanical equipment). A tool used to lift an aircraft or other types of equipment off the floor.
Jacks can be operated in several ways: by hydraulic pressure built up by a self-contained pump, by shop air
pressure, by mechanical screw threads, or by a ratcheting lever that locks on each stroke.
jacket (gas turbine engine component). A shroud or metal blanket used to insulate a portion of the hot
section of a gas turbine engine. The jacket keeps heat from damaging the aircraft structure.
jack pad. A fixture that attaches to the structure of an aircraft to fit the jack that is used to raise the aircraft
for weighing or servicing.
jackscrew. A hardened steel rod with strong threads cut into it. A jackscrew may be rotated by hand or
with a motor to apply a force or to move an object.
　
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