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cylinder while it is being filled, to work all the air out of the oil.
exfoliation corrosion. An advanced form of intergranular corrosion that forms in extruded metal parts.
Exfoliation corrosion causes the metal to separate along its layer-like grain structure.
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exhaust back pressure (reciprocating engine parameter). The pressure in the exhaust system of a
reciprocating engine that opposes the flow of exhaust gases as they are forced out of the cylinders when the
exhaust valve is open.
exhaust cone (turbine engine component). The fixed conical fairing centered in the exhaust stream
immediately aft of the last-stage turbine wheel. It prevents turbulence and prevents the hot gases from
circulating over the rear face of the turbine wheel.
exhaust gas analyzer (reciprocating engine maintenance tool). An instrument used to analyze the
chemical composition of the exhaust gas released by a reciprocating engine. One type of analyzer measures
the conductivity of the exhaust gas and indicates the ratio of fuel and air in the mixture that produced the
exhaust gas.
An exhaust gas temperature (EGT) system is not the same as an exhaust gas analyzer.
exhaust gas temperature. See EGT.
exhaust gas temperature indicating system (gas turbine engine). See EGT indicating system (gas
turbine engine).
exhaust gas temperature indicating system (reciprocating engine). See EGT indicating system
(reciprocating engine).
exhaust manifold (reciprocating engine component). The arrangement of exhaust pipes that attach to the
cylinders of an aircraft engine to collect the exhaust gases and carry them outside of the engine cowling.
exhaust nozzle (gas turbine engine component). The opening in the tail pipe of a gas turbine engine
through which the exhaust gases leave the engine. The area of the exhaust nozzle is critical, as it affects the
back pressure on the turbine, and this in turn affects the engine RPM, the exhaust gas temperature, and the
thrust the engine produces.
Some gas turbine engines use variable-area exhaust nozzles.
exhaust stroke (reciprocating engine). The stroke in the operating cycle of a reciprocating engine in
which the piston is moving away from the crankshaft and the exhaust valve is open. Burned gases are
forced out of the cylinder during the exhaust stroke.
exit guide vanes (gas turbine engine component). Stationary airfoils at the discharge end of an axial-flow
compressor. As the air passes through the compressor, the rotating vanes give the air a swirling, or
rotational, motion. The exit guide vanes straighten it out so the air leaves the compressor in an axial
direction, parallel to the length of the engine.
exitation (electrical generator). Current supplied to the field coils of a generator to create the magnetic
field used to produce a flow of electrons.
exothermic action. A chemical action in which heat energy is released.
expanded plastic. A plastic resin whose volume has been increased by bubbles of gas which are generated
when the constituents of the plastic are mixed. Expanded plastic is also known as foamed plastic.
expanded-scale meter (electrical meter). A current-measuring analog electrical indicator whose needle
deflection is not uniform over its entire scale. The amount of deflection for a given input is increased for
certain ranges of indication. Expanded-scale meters are used when small changes in the upper limit of the
value being measured are important.
expander-tube brake (aircraft brake). A type of lightweight, nonenergizing, hydraulically operated
aircraft brake. A synthetic rubber tube is installed around the brake housing mounted on the landing gear
axle, and blocks of brake lining material are held pressed against the expander tube with flat metal springs.
The brake drum, mounted inside the wheel, rotates around the linings.
When the brake pedal is depressed, hydraulic fluid is forced into the tube. The tube expands and
forces the brake blocks against the rotating brake drum. This force applies enough friction to the drum to
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slow the rotation of the wheel.
expansion reamer (metal-cutting tool). A precision cutting tool used to smooth the inside of a drilled hole
and enlarge it to an accurately specified dimension. The diameter of the hole cut by an expansion reamer
can be increased a few thousandths of an inch by adjusting a wedge inside the blades to move them
outward.
expansion turbine (air-cycle air conditioning system component). A small turbine in an air-cycle
cooling system that extracts energy from compressed air as it drives a compressor.
　
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