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Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 280
inside the combustors. Glow-plug igniters are effective for low-temperature engine starting.
glue. A general term used for an adhesive material.
glue joint (wood aircraft construction). A joint or connection made between two pieces of wood by an
adhesive, or glue, rather than any type of mechanical fastener. The wood is prepared by shaping it so the
grains in the two pieces are parallel, and the surfaces to be glued are perfectly smooth and clean. The glue
is spread evenly over either one or both surfaces, and the surfaces are pressed together and held by clamps
until the glue dries. A correctly made glue joint is stronger than the wood itself.
Glyptal. The registered trade name for an insulating varnish used to insulate certain types of electrical
machinery.
go, no-go gage. A type of measuring device used to determine whether or not the dimensions of an object
being measured are within allowable limits. A go, no-go gage can be used to determine if a hole is of the
correct size. If the hole is at least as large as the minimum diameter allowed, the “go” part of the gage will
fit into it, and if it is no larger than the maximum diameter allowed, the “no-go” part of the gage will not fit
into it.
“Go ahead” (air traffic control). The phrase used by air traffic controllers meaning “proceed with your
message.” This phrase is not to be used for any other purpose.
“Go around” (air traffic control). Instructions for a pilot to abandon his approach to landing.
go-around power or thrust setting. The maximum allowable inflight power or thrust setting identified in
the performance data.
gold. A soft, yellow, heavy, corrosion-resistant chemical element. Gold’s symbol is Au, its atomic number
is 79, and its atomic weight is 196.967. Gold is a good thermal and electrical conductor, and because of its
resistance to corrosion, it is often plated onto critical electrical contacts and slip rings.
goldbeater’s skin. A thin, flexible material made by treating the outside membrane of the large intestine of
cattle. Goldbeater’s skin is used to separate sheets of gold foil as they are being hammered (beaten) until
they are thinned into gold leaf. Many thousands of goldbeater’s skins were joined together to form the gas
bags that held the lifting gas for the huge lighter-than-air dirigibles and Zeppelins.
gold leaf. Pure gold that has been rolled or beaten into extremely thin sheets. Gold leaf is usually about one
microinch (1 x 10-6 inch) thick. Gold foil is similar to gold leaf, but is thicker.
goniometer. An instrument used to measure angles. The goniometer used in an automatic direction finder
(ADF) uses the output of a fixed loop antenna to sense the angle between a fixed reference, usually the
nose of the aircraft, and the direction from which the radio signal is being received.
An electronic goniometer measures the angle by comparing radio signals picked up on a
nondirectional antenna with signals picked up on a directional antenna.
gore (parachute component). A single triangular-shaped panel in the canopy of a parachute. The canopy
is made by sewing the gores together to form a large circular canopy. Shroud lines are sewed along the
seams that join the gores.
gouge. A defect in the form of a groove or deep scratch in an otherwise smooth surface.
governor. A control used to cause certain types of equipment to operate at a desired speed. A governor has
a sensor to measure the speed, a datum from which the speed is referenced, and a control to adjust the
speed so it agrees with the datum.
GPS (global positioning system). An electronic navigation system in which the position of the aircraft is
determined by the angular relationship between the aircraft and a series of orbiting satellites.
GPU (ground power unit). A piece of aircraft ground support equipment that includes a motor-generator
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 281
and an air compressor. The GPU can be connected to an aircraft on the ground to supply electrical power
and compressed air for system operation when the engines are not operating.
grade-A cotton fabric (aircraft structural material). Cloth made of long-staple cotton, used to cover
certain types of aircraft structures. Grade-A cotton fabric has between 80 and 84 threads per inch in both
warp and fill, and new grade-A fabric has a minimum tensile strength of 80 pounds per inch.
gradient (meteorology). A change in value per unit of a second parameter. Such terms as pressure gradient
(inches of mercury per thousand feet) and temperature gradient (degrees Celsius per thousand feet) are
　
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