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system that divides the fuel from the fuel control unit and distributes it equally to all of the cylinders. The
flow divider in an RSA fuel injection system compares with the manifold valve in a Teledyne-Continental
system.
flow indicator (aircraft oxygen system). An indicator visible to the wearer of an oxygen mask that shows
when oxygen is flowing into the mask.
fluctuate. To swing back and forth or to shift a value between a high and a low limit.
fluctuating arc (electric arc welding condition). A malfunction in an electric arc welding system that
causes the arc to vary its intensity. A fluctuating arc is caused by an inadequate electrical ground.
fluid. A form of material whose molecules are able to flow past one another without destroying the
material. Gases and liquids are both fluids. Fluids tend to conform to the shape of their container.
fluidics. The branch of technology that uses a flow of fluids through specially shaped ducts and nozzles to
sense, measure, and control a physical condition. Fluidics does not involve the use of moving mechanical
parts.
fluid mechanics. The branch of science and technology that deals with forces produced by fluids, either
gaseous or liquid. Hydraulics is the branch of fluid mechanics that deals with forces produced by
incompressible fluids (liquids). Pneumatics is the branch of fluid mechanics that deals with forces produced
by compressible fluids (gases).
fluid ounce. A unit of liquid volume which is equal to 1/16-liquid pint, or 1.8 cubic inches.
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fluid power. The transmission of force by the movement of a fluid.
fluid power systems. Mechanical systems that transfer energy from one location to another by the use of
fluids. Hydraulic systems transfer energy by the use of noncompressible fluids, such as oil and water.
Pneumatic systems transfer energy by the use of a compressible fluid, such as air.
fluorescence. The emission of electromagnetic radiation, especially in the frequency of visible light,
stimulated in a substance by the absorption of incident radiation and persisting only so long as the
stimulating radiation is continued
fluorescent lamp. A tubular electric lamp in which ionized mercury vapor causes a fluorescent coating
inside the tube to glow.
fluorescent penetrant inspection. A form of nondestructive inspection used to detect surface faults in
either ferrous or nonferrous metals or in nonporous, nonmetallic materials. The part to be inspected is
thoroughly cleaned and soaked in a penetrating liquid that contains a fluorescent dye. After the part has
soaked for a specified period of time, all the penetrant is washed off its surface, and it is dried.
The part is then covered with a developer, a chalk-like powder, that pulls the penetrant out of any
cracks or faults into which it has seeped. The part is then inspected under an ultraviolet light that causes
any penetrant pulled from a fault to show up as a bright spot or line on the surface.
fluorescent pigment. Pigment used in a paint which can absorb either visible or nonvisible electromagnetic
radiation and release it as energy of the desired wavelength.
Fluorescent pigments are used for painting pointers and numbers on instrument dials. When
ultraviolet light strikes the fluorescent pigment, the dial and pointers glow with a highly visible light.
fluorine. A pale yellow, highly corrosive, poisonous, gaseous, halogen chemical element. Fluorine’s
symbol is F, its atomic number is 9, and its atomic weight is 18.998. Fluorine is reactive with most other
elements, and it is used extensively in industrial compounds.
fluoroscope. An instrument used for nondestructive inspection. A fluorescent screen is used in place of
photographic film, to display the shadows which form when X-rays penetrate the structure being inspected.
flush patch (aircraft sheet metal repair). A type of sheet metal repair that leaves a perfectly smooth
surface. The reinforcement for the patch is mounted inside the structure, and the hole left where the
damaged material was removed is filled with a filler plug. All rivets used for the repair are flush rivets. See
illustration for filler plug.
flush rivet. An MS20426 aircraft solid rivet that has a countersunk head. The hole for the rivet is prepared
by either countersinking or dimpling. When the rivet is driven, its head is flush with the surface of the
metal. Flush rivets are used to produce an aerodynamically smooth surface.
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flute. A groove cut into a cylindrical object. A twist drill is a type of tool having cutting edges on its end
and flutes cut in the form of a spiral running the length of the drill. Lubricant can be fed to the cutting edge
　
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