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point clearance in an aircraft magneto so the breaker points begin to open when the rotating magnet is in
the correct position relative to the pole shoes, in its E-gap position. When a magneto is correctly timed
internally, it produces the hottest spark.
international airport. An airport having customs service for passengers arriving from foreign countries.
international date line. The 180° meridian of longitude. The international date line is on the opposite side
of the earth from the prime meridian, which passes through Greenwich, England.
International Flight Information Manual. See IFIM.
International Morse Code. A group of dot and dash combinations which have been agreed upon
internationally to represent the letters of the alphabet, numbers, and certain punctuation symbols. Morse
code is used for some types of radio communications, and for the code identifiers of VOR and VORTAC
stations, and the localizer in an instrument landing system. See International Phonetic Alphabet and Morse
Code in Appendix 4.
International Phonetic Alphabet. An internationally agreed upon system of code words identifying the
letters of the alphabet and numbers. The words in the phonetic alphabet have been carefully chosen so that
people of all language backgrounds can pronounce them. See International Phonetic Alphabet and Morse
Code in Appendix 4.
International System of Units. The system of metric units agreed upon by the General Conference on
Weights and Measures. The International System of Units, abbreviated SI, is based on the following units:
meter, kilogram, second, ampere, candela, degrees Kelvin, hertz, radian, newton, joule, watt, coulomb, volt,
ohm, farad, tesla, and weber.
interphone system. A system for communication between crew members of an aircraft. Interphone
communications are normally conducted using the same microphone and earphones or speakers used for
radio communications. A selector switch is positioned in such a way that the interphone signals do not
enter the radio transmitter circuits.
interplane struts (biplane component). Struts located between the two wings of a biplane, usually near
the wing tips. Interplane struts attach to the front and rear wing spars and are normally N-shaped or
I-shaped.
interpole (electrical machine component). A field pole in a compound-wound generator used to minimize
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 329
armature reaction. Armature reaction is the distortion of the magnetic field produced by the field coils
caused by the magnetic field produced by current flowing in the armature. The amount of armature reaction
varies with the armature current. Armature reaction causes a voltage across the commutator segments
shorted by the brushes, and this produces sparks.
Interpoles are located between each of the regular field poles, and the interpole coils are in series
with the armature so all the armature current flows through them. The magnetic fields produced by the
interpole coils cancel the distortion caused by the armature field, and the brushes short across segments of
the commutator where there is no potential difference and therefore no sparking.
inter-rib bracing (fabric-covered wing component). Bracing between the ribs of a fabric-covered wing
made of reinforcing tape wrapped around the rib cap strips midway between the spars. Inter-rib bracing
holds the ribs in the correct position until they are laced to the fabric.
interrogator (radar). A ground-based surveillance radar beacon transmitter-receiver which normally scans
in synchronization with a primary radar. The interrogator transmits discrete radio signals which
continuously request a reply from all transponders using the selected mode. The received replies are mixed
with the primary radar returns and displayed on the same PPI (plan position indicator radarscope).
intersection departure (air traffic control). A takeoff or proposed takeoff on a runway from an
intersection.
interstage transformer (electronic device). A transformer used to couple two stages of an electronic
device. An interstage transformer prevents the flow of direct current from one stage to the other, and it
matches the output impedance of one stage with the input impedance of the following stage.
interstate air commerce. 14 CFR Part 1: “The carriage by aircraft of persons or property for
compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, or the operation or navigation of aircraft in the
conduct or furtherance of a business or vocation, in commerce between a place in any State of the United
States, or the District of Columbia, and a place in any other State of the United States or the District of
Columbia; or between places in the same State of the United States through the airspace over any place
　
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