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4
HINTS
SECTION
HYGIENE
To remain in reasonable condition, you should take as much care as possible to
avoid accidents or illness. The following hints may help:
• keep your body and clothes as clean as possible;
• always wash your hands before eating;
• dispose properly of body wastes, garbage, etc., in trenches;
• if possible, sterilise or boil water and cook food to avoid gastric troubles;
• avoid activities which may lead to injury;
• keep your clothing dry;
• keep your head covered when in the sun; and
• do not sleep on the ground – make a raised bed with aircraft seats,
wood and dry leaves, etc.
SHELTER
Some type of shelter is essential whatever type of terrain you have come down in.
If your aircraft is not badly damaged, it may be used as a shelter, otherwise you should
use whatever is available from the aircraft and, by the use of trees, etc., rig up a
temporary tent as protection against the weather.
334
COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE
GROUND - AIR VISUAL SIGNAL CODE FOR USE IN
CIVIL EMERGENCIES
NO Message Code Signal
1 Require Fodder FF
2 Require Evacuation III
3 Power Failure VI
GROUND - AIR VISUAL SIGNAL CODE FOR USE BY SURVIVORS
NO Message Code Signal
1 Require Assistance V
2 Require Medical Assistance X
3 Proceeding in this Direction
4 Yes or Affirmative Y
5 No or Negative N
If in doubt use International Symbol SOS
Civil Aviation Safety Authority Australia
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES FORCED LANDINGS
09/2001
4
HINTS
SECTION
FIRES
You may find that a fire is essential for warmth, cooking, drying clothes, distilling or
purifying water, etc. If there is plenty of wood available this should prove no problem,
but otherwise you may have to improvise a stove from a can or other container. Fuel
for such a stove could be oil or fat, using a wick, or petrol and a 75 mm layer of fuelimpregnated
sand.
335
Civil Aviation Safety Authority Australia
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES FORCED LANDINGS
09/2001
4
HINTS
SECTION
RADIO FAILURE
In the event of communication failure, MAINTAIN TERRAIN CLEARANCE
THROUGHOUT ALL PROCEDURES.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS BY AN AIRCRAFT
In Flight
• During the hours of daylight: by rocking the aircraft wings.
NOTE: This signal should not be expected on the base and final legs of the
approach.
• During the hours of darkness: by flashing on and off twice, the aircraft’s landing
lights or, if not so equipped, by switching on and off twice, its navigation lights.
On the Ground
• During the hours of daylight: by moving aircraft’s ailerons or rudder.
• During the hours of darkness: by flashing on and off twice, the aircraft’s landing
lights or, if not so equipped, by switching on and off twice, its navigation lights.
IF VFR OCTA
STAY IN VMC
• BROADCAST INTENTIONS (assume transmitter is operating and prefix calls with
“TRANSMITTING BLIND”)
• REMAIN VFR OCTA AND LAND AT THE NEAREST SUITABLE NON-MBZ AERODROME.
REPORT ARRIVAL TO ATS IF ON SARTIME OR REPORTING SCHEDULES. SEARCH AND
RESCUE TELEPHONE NUMBER 1800 815 257.
• IF IN CONTROLLED/RESTRICTED AIRSPACE OR IF IFR IN ANY AIRSPACE SQUAWK
7600 IF TRANSPONDER EQUIPPED. LISTEN OUT ON ATIS AND/OR VOICE
MODULATED NAVAIDS. TRANSMIT INTENTIONS AND NORMAL POSITION REPORTS
[IFR ONLY] INTENTIONS (assume transmitter is operating and prefix calls with
“TRANSMITTING BLIND”)
AND
• IF IN VMC AND CERTAIN OF MAINTAINING VMC STAY IN VMC AND LAND AT THE
MOST SUITABLE AERODROME. (NOT SPECIAL PROCEDURES IF PROCEEDING TO A
GAAP). REPORT ARRIVAL TO ATS.
OR
• IF IN IMC OR UNCERTAIN OF MAINTAINING VMC
336
Civil Aviation Safety Authority Australia
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES RADIO FAILURE
09/2001
4
PROCEDURES
SECTION
NOTES:
• Initial and subsequent actions by the pilot at the time of loss of communications will
depend largely on the pilot’s knowledge of the destination aids, the air traffic/air
space situation and meteorological conditions en-route and at the destination.
It is not possible to publish procedures that cover all radio failure circumstances.
The following procedures ensure that Air Traffic services and other traffic should be
aware of the pilot’s most likely actions. Pilots should follow these procedures unless
strong reasons dictate otherwise.
• In determining the final level to which a pilot will climb after radio failure, ATC will
use the level provided on the Flight Notification, or the last level requested by the
　
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