曝光臺 注意防騙 網(wǎng)曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

JO 7110.65S 2/14/08
4-8-2 Approach Clearance Procedures
alphabet; e.g., X, Y, Z, such as “HI TACAN 1 Rwy 6L or
HITACAN 2 Rwy 6L,” or “RNAV (GPS) Z Rwy 04 or
RNAV (GPS) Y Rwy 04,” denotes multiple straight-in
approaches to the same runway that use the same approach
aid. Alphabetical suffixes with a letter from the beginning
of the alphabet; e.g., A, B, C, denote a procedure that does
not meet the criteria for straight-in landing minimums
authorization.
4. 14 CFR Section 91.175(j) requires a pilot to receive a
clearance for a procedure turn when vectored to a final
approach fix or position, conducting a timed approach, or
when the procedure specifies “NO PT.”
5. An aircraft which has been cleared to a holding fix and
prior to reaching that fix is issued a clearance for an
approach, but not issued a revised routing; i.e., “proceed
direct to . . ..” may be expected to proceed via the last
assigned route, a feeder route (if one is published on the
approach chart), and then to commence the approach as
published. If, by following the route of flight to the holding
fix, the aircraft would overfly an IAF or the fix associated
with the beginning of a feeder route to be used, the aircraft
is expected to commence the approach using the published
feeder route to the IAF or from the IAF as appropriate;
i.e.,the aircraft would not be expected to overfly and return
to the IAF or feeder route.
6. Approach name items contained within parenthesis;
e.g., RNAV (GPS) Rwy 04, are not included in approach
clearance phraseology.
REFERENCEFAAO
8260.3, United States Standard for Terminal Instrument
Procedures (TERPS).
b. For aircraft operating on unpublished routes,
issue the approach clearance only after the aircraft is:
(See FIG 4-8-1.)
1. Established on a segment of a published route
or instrument approach procedure.
EXAMPLEAircraft
1: The aircraft is established on a segment of a
published route at 5,000 feet. “Cleared V-O-R Runway
Three Four Approach.”
2. Assigned an altitude to maintain until the
aircraft is established on a segment of a published
route or instrument approach procedure.
FIG 4-8-1
Approach Clearance Example
EXAMPLEAircraft
2: The aircraft is inbound to the VOR on an
unpublished direct route at 7,000 feet. The minimum IFR
altitude for IFR operations (14 CFR Section 91.177) along
this flight path to the VOR is 5,000 feet. “Cross the Redding
V-O-R at or above five thousand, cleared V-O-R Runway
Three Four Approach.”
NOTE-
1. The altitude assigned must assure IFR obstruction
clearance from the point at which the approach clearance
is issued until established on a segment of a published route
or instrument approach procedure.
2. If the altitude assignment is VFR‐on‐top, it is
conceivable that the pilot may elect to remain high until
arrival over the final approach fix which may require the
pilot to circle to descend so as to cross the final approach
fix at an altitude that would permit landing.
3. Established on a heading or course that will
intercept the initial segment at the initial approach fix,
or intermediate segment at the intermediate fix when
no initial approach fix is published, for a GPS or
RNAV instrument approach procedure at an angle not
greater than 90 degrees. Angles greater than
90degrees may be used when a hold in lieu of
procedure turn pattern is depicted at the fix for the
instrument approach procedure. (See FIG 4-8-2.)
2/14/08 JO 7110.65S
Approach Clearance Procedures 4-8-3
FIG 4-8-2
Approach Clearance Example
For RNAV Aircraft
EXAMPLEAircraft
1 can be cleared direct to CENTR. The intercept
angle at that IAF is 90 degrees or less. The minimum
altitude for IFR operations (14 CFR Section 91.177) along
the flight path to the IAF is 3,000 feet. If a hold in lieu of
pattern is depicted and a straight-in area is not defined
(e.g.,“ No PT” indicated at the fix), the aircraft must be
instructed to conduct a straight-in approach if ATC does
not want the pilot to execute a procedure turn.“Cleared
direct CENTR, maintain at or above three thousand until
CENTR, cleared straight-in R-NAV Runway One Eight
approach.”
Aircraft 2 cannot be cleared direct to CENTR unless the
aircraft is allowed to execute a procedure turn. Aircraft 2
can be cleared direct to LEFTT. The intercept angle at that
IAF is 90 degrees or less. The minimum altitude for IFR
operations (14 CFR Section 91.177) along the flight path
　
中國航空網(wǎng) www.k6050.com
航空翻譯 www.aviation.cn
本文鏈接地址：Air Traffic Control空中交通管制1(122)