曝光臺 注意防騙 網(wǎng)曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

© 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. http://www.cnki.net
變化. 這說明Claws 驅(qū)鳥器在使用的過程中雖然起到一定的驅(qū)鳥效果,但這種效果并未持續(xù)到處理后期. 這
可能是因為Claws 驅(qū)鳥器在M 機場已經(jīng)使用了近8 年,其驅(qū)鳥效果僅限于處理期間. 在澳大利亞悉尼機場,
新引入的驅(qū)鳥煤氣炮其驅(qū)鳥效果就可以從處理期間持續(xù)到處理后期[7 ] .
　　本次實驗的所有結(jié)果綜合表明,Claws 驅(qū)鳥器在控制鳥類的種類和數(shù)量上十分有效. 但是在處理期間,
鳥類飛向跑道的頻次比處理前期和處理后期均顯著增加,這可能會危及到飛行安全,這也是衡量Claws 驅(qū)鳥
器效能的關(guān)鍵所在. 因此建議以后廠家更新驅(qū)鳥器的設(shè)計和制造材料,使驅(qū)鳥器在不影響正常飛行訓(xùn)練的前
提下(主要考慮迫降安全的因素) ,能夠直接沿跑道邊線布設(shè),這樣就可以在一定程度上確保驅(qū)鳥器的使用效
果. 此外還建議機場部門在飛行保障過程中,在使用Claws 驅(qū)鳥器驅(qū)鳥的同時,結(jié)合其他的驅(qū)鳥方法手段,對
鳥類進行綜合防治以保證飛行安全.
　　致謝:空軍94857 部隊陳春生和彭次峰同志在機場鳥類調(diào)查過程中予以大力幫助,在此深表謝意.
參考文獻:
[ 1 ] 　BLOKPOEL H. Bird Hazards to Aircraft [M] . Toronto : Irwin Clark , 1976.
[ 2 ] 　SODHI N S. Competition in the air : birds versus aircraft [ J] . Auk , 2002 , 119 : 587 - 597.
[ 3 ] 　霍志勤,羅帆. 近十年中國民航事故及事故征候的統(tǒng)計分析[ J] . 中國安全科學(xué)學(xué)報,2006 ,16 (12) :65 - 71.
[ 4 ] 　SMITH M. From a strike to kill[ J] . New Scientist ,1986 ,110 :44 - 47.
[ 5 ] 　NEUBAUER J C. Why birds kill : Cross2sectional analysis of U. S[ J] . Air Force bird strike data. Aviation , Space and Environmental Medicine ,
1990 ,61 :343 - 348.
[ 6 ] 　CL EARY E C , WRIGHT S E , DOLBEER R A. Wildlife strikes to civil aircraft in the United States ,1990 - 1998[ M] . Washington : Federal
Aviation Administration , Office of Airport Safety and Standards ,1999.
[7 ] 　HUTCHINSON A. Effectiveness of gas cannons on the bird community at Sydney airport [ J] . Proceedings of bird strike committee USA/
Canada ,2001 ,3 :115 - 125.
[ 8 ] 　王一波. 鳥類聽不懂外語[ N] . 京華時報,2005 - 3 - 8 (A10) .
[ 9 ] 　常家傳,馬金生,魯長虎. 鳥類學(xué)[M] . 哈爾濱:東北林業(yè)大學(xué)出版社,1998.
[ 10 ] 　CHILVERS B L , RYAN C J , HICKL ING GJ . Factors affecting pilot2reported bird strike rates at Christchurch International Airport , New
Zealand[ J] . New Zealand Journal of Zoology ,1997 ,24 :1 - 7.
[11 ] 　International Civil Aviation Organization. Airport Services Manual. Part 3 : Bird Control and Reduction [ M] . Third edition. Montreal :
International Civil Aviation Organization ,1991.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Claws Dispersing
Birds Instruments in an Airport
YANG Rong1 ,2 , 　L I Yuan2zheng2 , 　WU Ai2quan2 , 　ZHU J ia2wei2 , 　WU Xiao2bing1
(1. College of Life Sciences , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu 241000 ,China ;2. Office of Birdstrike Prevention , Unit 94857 ,China Air Force Wuhu
241000 , China)
Abstract : From J uly to August 2007 , a study was conducted in an airport to assess the effectiveness of Claws
Dispersing Birds Inst rument s that were int roduced f rom abroad. The effectiveness was measured quantitatively
by comparing bird species composition , abundance , behavior , number and direction of the bird movement s at
dusk. The fieldwork was carried out in three periods : the pre2t reatment period , t reatment period and post2
t reatment period. During the t reatment period , the Claws inst rument s were employed. The result s showed that
the inst rument s were effective in reducing the number of bird species and bird abundance. However , during the
t reatment period , the f requency of birds flying towards the runway was significantly more than that during the
pre2t reatment and post2t reatment period , and could endanger flying safety. So it was suggested that other means
of dispersing birds should accompany the Claws inst rument s during the flying t raining to ensure complete safety.
Key words : birdst rike ; claws dispersing birds inst rument s ; evaluation of effectiveness
32 卷第1 期　　　　　　　　　　　楊　榮,李遠征,吳愛權(quán),等: 　機場Claws 驅(qū)鳥器的效能評價63
2009，45（14） Computer Engineering and Applications 計算機工程與應(yīng)用
民航機場是我國空中交通的重要基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，通常包括供
航空器起飛和著陸滑行的飛行區(qū)、供航空器上下客貨郵件的
運輸區(qū)（航站區(qū)）、供航空器維護修理的機務(wù)維修區(qū)等。機場
安全通常包括航空器的安全起降和對機場設(shè)施的安全保障，
這也是民航機場在正常情況下應(yīng)發(fā)揮的重要功能。然而，由
于多種原因，民航機場事故的發(fā)生難以避免。根據(jù)民航總局
航空安全信息網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)庫中顯示的資料，中國民航近12 年（1996
年~2007 年）共發(fā)生運輸飛行事故11 起，其中重大以上飛行
事故9 起；共發(fā)生飛行事故征候1 480 起，其中航空運輸飛行
事故征候1 255 起。對事故的調(diào)查表明，機組原因、機械/機務(wù)
是事故發(fā)生的主要原因。從這12 年間發(fā)生的事故征候的種類統(tǒng)
計看，鳥擊（288 起）、空中停車（291 起）和偏出/沖出跑道/場外接
地（87 起）所占的比重較大，分別占22.9 %、23.2%和6.9%（以上
　
中國航空網(wǎng) www.k6050.com
航空翻譯 www.aviation.cn
本文鏈接地址：鳥擊資料2(56)