曝光臺 注意防騙 網曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

and infrastructure must therefore respond to the demand for services. The aeronautical charges are also submitted for
the approval of the government. The charges are subject to revision every three years for the purpose of taking into
account development in the field of aeronautical services.
The minimum charge for international traffic, as set out by the government is 50 USD and, is determined according to
the aircraft weight, type, and distance flown. However, Iran has charged for air navigation services from domestic
flights in proportion with 23% of international flights.”
IRELAND
SOURCE DATED: 7 MARCH 2000.
“Ireland adheres to the ICAO cost/charging principles that define a system under which States establish a basic cost
recovery system for air navigation services and ensures that its charges are simple, equitable, non discriminatory and
reasonable.”
SOURCE DATED: 8 JULY 2008.
Airports
“The Commission for Aviation Regulation sets a price cap for airport charges at Dublin airport and aviation terminal
service charges at Cork, Dublin and Shannon airports. This Commission was established in February 2001 following
the coming into force of the Aviation Regulation Act 2001. This Act was subsequently amended by the State Airports
Act 2004.
These two Acts set out the Commission’s functions and obligations. Copies of both Acts are available on the
Commission’s website (http://www.aviationreg.ie).
The Commission’s policies and practices generally accord with the principles set out in paragraph 22 of ICAO’s
Policies on Airport Charges.
As regards other smaller airports that are not subject to regulation by CAR, the structure of the charges and the amounts
levied vary between airports taking account of the airports’ assessment of commercial sustainability.”
Air navigation services
The State’s policy is to “apply ICAO’s policies on air navigation services charges supplemented, where appropriate,
by the EUROCONTROL Charging Principles.”
ISRAEL
SOURCE DATED: 5 AUGUST 1977.
“We have no specific charging policy, but fees and charges are changed when either the cost of living index rises
significantly, or when new investments cause rising airport upkeep.”
ITALY
SOURCE DATED: 3 JUNE 1981.
“... the flag carriers operating domestic and international services are subject to payment of the landing, take-off,
parking and hangar charges.”
“... The charges are subject to revision every two years for the purpose of taking into account tariff policy provisions,
and developments in the field of airport costs and services.”
42 SUPPLEMENT TO DOC 9082
SOURCE DATED: 22 MAY 2001.
“Italian policy for air traffic charges shall conform to the provision of the Convention on International Civil Aviation
and is based on the whole recovery of the costs born and a reasonable return on capital.
Source of Law:
Law no. 575, year 1995, establishes the accession of the Italian Republic to the EUROCONTROL International
Convention and to the Multilateral Agreement for the collection of route charges. Since the 1.1.1997 route charges are
billed and collected through the EUROCONTROL – Central Route Charges Office on behalf of ENAV (national
ATM/ATS provider).
Decree n. 83 T, year 1998, authorised ENAV from 1.1.1999 to entrust EUROCONTROL with the calculation, billing
and collection of the Terminal charges on the Italian airports open to civil air traffic.”SOURCE DATED: 4 July 2001.
Airports
“ENAC (Ente Nazionale per Aviazione Civile) has been designated as the regulatory authority for Italian airport
charges, to ensure that the monopoly power of the airports is not abused.
The resolution of CIPE (Comitato Interministerale per la Programmazione Economica) established in August 2000,
that airports (all Italian airports are operated by autonomous entities) should have provided to ENAC adequate sets of
accounts, by cost centers, to justify the current charges and fees and the motivation for any revision.
The resolution is still not applied, consequently the current charges and fees are not cost related and have been set
without any transparency, with any contributions from non aeronautical revenues and no regulation to monitor the
level of service provided by the airports.”
Air navigation services
“Italy follows the EUROCONTROL principles in setting air navigation services charges.”
JAMAICA
SOURCE DATED: 19 JUNE 2001.
“In April 1978 a policy was adopted for the partial recovery of costs attributable to the provision and operation of
aerodrome and airspace facilities and services. En-route and terminal charges are based on the provision of
　
中國航空網 www.k6050.com
航空翻譯 www.aviation.cn
本文鏈接地址：國際民航組織關于機場和空中航行服務收費的政策(139)