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GEO GRAPHICAL VARIA TION O F BI RD SON G
AND I TS TAXONOMICAL SENSE
L EI Fu2Min
( Instit ute of Zoology , the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 　100080)
Abs t r act
Bi rd song as one of the most important features is now a new discipline integrated by Avi2be2
havior and Acoustic. With the development of modern recording and sonagrap h technology ,stud2
ies on bi rd song have stepped into various areas of bi rd researches . Geograp hic variation of bi rd
song ,sometimes called“dialect”, has species2specific stability and individuality. It is closely relat2
ed with pop ulation genetic st ructure ,envi ronment heterogeneity and song learning. Dialect consid2
ered partially as bar riers to dispersal could hind the gene drif t , and thus interfere the gene pool of
pop ulation. Long time geograp hic isolation and breeding isolation might lead to the p roduce and
differenciation of local pop ulation (or subspecies) and might affect the speciation. The paper sim2
ply int roduced the geograp hic variation of bi rd song studied in the world cur rently , the basic defi2
nition and biology of bi rd song dialect , the effect on pop ulation song st ructure by habitats , the
origin and maintenance as well as the development of song dialect , the reationship between song
dialect and genetic pop ulation st ructure and its taxonomical sense and so on.
Ke y wor ds 　bi rd song ,geograp hical variation , dialect , taxonomy.
　24　0 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　動　物　分　類　學(xué)　報　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　24 卷
第33 卷第1 期
2010 年3 月
　　　　　
遼寧師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版)
Journal of Liaoning Normal University (Natural Science Edition) 　　　　　
Vol . 33 　No. 1
Mar. 　2010
　　文章編號:100021735 (2010) 0120108204
鳥鳴叫聲特征提取方法的研究
偉利國1 , 　張小超1 , 　吳文彪2
(1. 中國農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化科學(xué)研究院,北京　100083 ; 2. 國家農(nóng)業(yè)信息化工程技術(shù)研究中心,北京　100097)
摘　要:鳥鳴叫聲的研究和分析方法對開展鳥類學(xué)工作有極其重要的作用. 通過對鳥鳴叫聲進(jìn)行功率譜分析、聲譜分
析、Mel 倒譜分析和主成分分析,從而對鳥鳴叫聲特征參數(shù)進(jìn)行提取,為鳥鳴叫聲的個體識別以及鳴叫聲與鳥類行為
的關(guān)系研究提供了有力的技術(shù)支持.
關(guān)鍵詞:鳥鳴聲;聲譜;Mel 倒譜;主成分分析
中圖分類號: TN912 　　　文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A
　　收稿日期:2009210230
基金項目:國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃(863 計劃) 項目(2007AA10Z240)
作者簡介:偉利國(19782 ) ,男,遼寧寬甸人,中國農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化科學(xué)研究院高級工程師,碩士.
1 　引言
鳥鳴叫聲研究已成為鳥類行為與聲學(xué)研究相互交叉、相互滲透的新的邊緣學(xué)科[122 ] . 鳥聲作為鳥類
重要的生物學(xué)特征之一,從本世紀(jì)30 年代已經(jīng)開展了一些研究工作,到1992 年為止,全世界所有鳥類
的2/ 3 已被錄到叫聲. 鳥鳴叫聲是一種非常重要的鳥類行為學(xué)特征,不同的鳴叫聲具有不同的行為意
義. 在鳥鳴叫聲的個體識別以及鳴叫聲與鳥類行為的關(guān)系研究中,都需要從鳥鳴叫聲信號波形中提取特
征參數(shù),采用單一的特征參數(shù)無法描述鳴叫聲中豐富的行為意義和個性特征,需要將多種特征參數(shù)組合
使用[ 324 ] . 本文介紹了鳥鳴叫聲中多種特征參數(shù)的提取方法,為鳥鳴叫聲研究提取提供了有力的技術(shù)
支持.
2 　鳥鳴叫聲聲學(xué)特征
鳥類鳴叫聲聲學(xué)形狀描述的參數(shù)包括[529 ] :音節(jié)庫的數(shù)量和組成,音節(jié)聲長( sound lengt h ,SL) ,間
歇(interval time , IT) ,每單個音節(jié)的脈沖個數(shù)(p ulse group ,PG) ,脈沖持續(xù)時間(p ulse duration , PD) ,
　
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